《英汉互译2001及2001答案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英汉互译2001及2001答案（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 上海外国语大学上海外国语大学 2001 年攻读硕士学位研究生考试年攻读硕士学位研究生考试 英语语言文学专业英语语言文学专业 翻译试卷翻译试卷 （三小时完成）（三小时完成） ITranslate the following into English（50%） （1） 中国是世界上历史最悠久的国家之一。 中国各族人民共同创造了光辉灿烂的文化， 具有光荣的革命传统。 （2）一八四 O 年后，封建的中国逐渐变成半殖民地、半封建的国家。中国人民为国家 独立、民族解放和民主自由进行了前仆后继的英勇奋斗。 （3）二十世纪，中国发生了翻天覆地的伟大历史变革。 （4）一九一一年孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命，废除了
2、封建帝制，创立了中华民国。但 是，中国人民反对帝国主义和封建主义的历史任务还没有完成。 （5）一九四九年，以毛泽东主席为领袖的中国共产党领导中国各族人民，在经历了长 期的艰难曲折的武装斗争和其他形式的斗争以后， 终于推翻了帝国主义、 封建主义和官僚资 本主义的统治，取得了新民主主义革命的伟大胜利，建立了中华人民共和国。从此，中国人 民掌握了国家的权力，成为国家的主人。 （6） 中华人民共和国成立以后， 我国社会逐步实现了由新民主主义到社会主义的过渡。 生产资料私有制的社会主义改造已经完成， 人剥削人的制度已经消灭， 社会主义制度已经确 立。工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政，实质上
3、即无产阶级专政，得到巩 固和发展。 中国人民和中国人民解放军战胜了帝国主义、 霸权主义的侵略、 破坏和武装挑衅， 维护了国家的独立和安全，增强了国防。经济建设取得了重大的成就，独立的、比较完整的 社会主义工业体系已经基本形成，农业生产显著提高。教育、科学、文化等事业有了很大的 发展，社会主义思想教育取得了明显的成效。广大人民的生活有了较大的改善。 （7）中国新民主主义革命的胜利和社会主义事业的成就，都是中国共产党领导中国各 族人民，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想的指引下，坚持真理，修正错误，战胜许多艰难险 阻而取得的。 今后国家的根本任务是集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。 中国各族人民将继 续在
4、中国共产党领导下，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想指引下，坚持人民民主专政，坚持 社会主义道路，不断完善社会主义的各项制度，发展社会主义民主，健全社会主义法制，自 力更生，艰苦奋斗，逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为高度 文明、高度民主的社会主义国家。 （8）在我国，剥削阶级作为阶级已经消灭，但是阶级斗争还将在一定范围内长期存在。 中国人民对敌视和破坏我国社会主义制度的国内外的敌对势力和敌对分子，必须进行斗争。（9）台湾是中华人民共和国的神圣领土的一部分。完成统一祖国的大业是包括台湾同 胞在内的全中国人民的神圣职责。 Translate the following into
5、 Chinese（50%） ：） ： （1）A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men. （2）A good book may be among the best of friends. It is
6、 the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness; amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in
7、age. （3）Men often discover their affinity to each other by the love they have each for a book -just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both have for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this: “Love me, love my book.” Th
8、e book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them. （4）“Books”, said Hazlitt, “wind into the heart; the poets verse slides in the current of our blood. We read them when young, we re
9、member them when old. We feel that it has happened to ourselves. They are to be had very cheap and good. We breathe but the air of books.” （5）A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of a mans life is, for the most part, but the world o
10、f his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters. “They are never alone,” said Sir Philip Sidney, “that are accompanied by noble thoughts.” （6）The good and true thought may in times o
11、f temptation be as an angel of mercy purifying and guarding the soul. It also enshrines the germs of action, for good words almost always inspire to good works. （7）Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books
12、 survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their authors minds, ages ago What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out the bad products; for
13、 nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good. （8）Books introduce us into the best society; they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them
14、, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure actors with them in the scenes which they describe. （9）The great and good do not die even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one
15、 still listens. Hence we ever remain under the influence of the great men of old. The imperial intellects of the world are as much alive now as they were ages ago. 汉译英参考译文：汉译英参考译文： 1 China is a country with one of the longest histories in the world. The people of all of Chinas nationalities have joi
16、ntly created a culture of grandeur and have a glorious revolutionary tradition. 2 After 1840, feudal China was gradually turned into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country The Chinese people launched many successive heroic struggles for national independence and liberation and for democracy and freedom. 3 In the 20th century, tremendous historical changes have taken place in China. 4 The Revolution of 1911, led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, abolished the feudal mona
