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1、北京大学北京大学 MPA 考前辅导班内部讲义考前辅导班内部讲义20072007 年年 MPAMPA 全国联考考前辅导全国联考考前辅导 强化班强化班英英 语语 讲讲 义义(阅读理解阅读理解)主主讲讲人：丁雪明人：丁雪明上上课时间课时间:6月月23日日(下午下午)6月月30日日(上午上午)8月月11日日(全天全天)2007 年北京大学 MPA 考前辅导班强化班英语讲义 010-627503142阅阅 读读 材材 料料Reading For Main Idea Paragraph One Three Yale University professors agreed in a panel discu
2、ssion tonight that the automobile was what one of them called “Public Health Enemy No. 1 in this country. “ Besides polluting the air and congesting the cities, cars are involved in more than half the disabling accidents and they contribute to heart disease “because we dont walk anywhere any more,“
3、said Dr. H. Richard Weinerman, professor of medicine and public health. Dr. Weinermans sharp indictment of the automobile came in a discussion of human environment on Yale Reports, a radio program broadcast by Station WTIC in Hartford, Connecticut. The program opened a three-part series on “Staying
4、Alive.“ “For the first time in human history, the problem of mans survival has to do with his control of man-made hazards,“ Dr. Weinerman said. “Before this, the problem had been the control of natural hazards.“ The main idea of the article is that . Americans are too attached to their cars American
5、 cars are too fast Automobiles endanger health Automobiles are the main public transportation tools of USA. Paragraph Two Let us consider how voice training may contribute to personality development and an improved social adjustment. In the first place, it has been fairly well established that indiv
6、iduals tend to become what they believe other people think them to be. When people react more favorably toward us because our voices convey the impression that we are friendly, competent, and interesting, there is a strong tendency for us to develop those qualities in our personality. If we are trea
7、ted with respect by others, we soon come to have more respect for ourselves. Then, too, ones own consciousness of having a pleasant, effective voice of which he does not need to be ashamed contributes materially to a feeling of poise, self-confidence, and a just pride in himself. A good voice, like
8、good clothes, can do much for an ego that otherwise might be inclined to droop. The passage is mainly concerned with . The way to get self-confidence The reflection of our personality How to acquire a pleasant voice Voice training and personality development Paragraph three Human beings have adapted
9、 to the physical world not by changing their physical nature, but by adjusting their society. Animals and plants have made adjustments, over long periods, by the development of radical changes in their very organisms. Hereditary differences meet needs of various environments. But among humans, diffe
10、rences in head form and in other physical features are not, in most cases, clearly adaptive. Nor is it clear that mental capacities of races are different. As far as we know, the races are equally intelligent and equally capable of solving their problems of living together. The varying ways of life,
11、 it seems, are social and learned differences and not physical and inherited differences. It stands to reason, therefore, that mans adjustment to his surroundings should be studied in custom and institution, not in anatomy and neural structure. The main point of the passage is A.Animals and plants c
12、hange their organisms to adapt to the physical world2007 年北京大学 MPA 考前辅导班强化班英语讲义 010-627503143B.Human beings not only change their organisms but also adjust their society to adapt to the physical world C. Human beings adjust their society to adapt to the physical world D. Animals and plants change th
13、eir society to adapt to the physical world Paragraph fourAlbert Einstein once attributed the creativity of a famous scientist to the fact that he “never went to school, and therefore preserved the rare gift of thinking freely.“ There is undoubtedly truth in Ein- stein s observation; many artists and
14、 geniuses seem to view their schooling as a disadvantage. But such a truth is not a criticism of schools. It is the function of schools to civilize, not to train explorers. The explorer is always a lonely individual whether his or her pioneering be in art, music, science, or tech- nology . The creat
15、ive explorer of unmapped lands shares with the genius what William James described as the faculty of perceiving in an unhabitual way, so far as schools teach perceptual patterns they tend to destroy creativity and genius. But if schools could somehow exist solely to cultivate genius, then society would break down. For the social order demands unity and widespread agreement, both traits that are destructive to creativity. There will always be conflict between the demands of society and the impulses of creativity and genius. Which of the following can best s
