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1、江苏省马坝中学江苏高考英语任务型阅读解题的有效性- 表格式江苏省马坝中学任务型阅读： 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的 空格里填入恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。 Have you ever wondered why there are so many skin colors in the world? Do you know why people living in particular areas usually have a certain color? Biology and history are the two reasons for this. Ski
2、n contains something called melanin, which determines a persons skin color. The more melanin a person has, the darker his or her skin will be. The amount of and the production of melanin are controlled by genetics, but can be affected by other things, such as sunlight. If a person lives in a place w
3、ith less sunlight, a persons body will produce less melanin, making the skin lighter.江苏省马坝中学Skin color is also affected by another source - vitamin D. humans all need vitamin D to build bones. People can get it by eating foods such as fish and milk, or from sunlight, so sunlight absorbed by melanin
4、cannot be used for vitamin D production. Therefore, a darkskinned person will produce less vitamin D than a lightskinned person when they received the same amount of sunlight. The connection between vitamin D production and skin color is clear when we look at evolution. The earliest humans lived in
5、Africa, their dark skin produced less vitamin D because of their dark skin. As a result, their skin made less melanin, so they could get enough sunlight to produce vitamin D. their skin gradually got lighter and they lost hair. Now, people living in areas with strong sunlight like Africa, have darke
6、r skin, while people living in other areas have lighter skin. The exception to this is the Inuit, who live in a place with little sunlight, but have dark skin because they eat a lot of fish and have enough vitamin D.Evolution has given us a rainbow of skin colors. Humans have always had melanin to d
7、etermine our skin color. What has changed through history is the environment where we have lived. This has in turn changed our melanin production, and eventually, skin color. 江苏省马坝中学Brief 1 People living in a particular 2 usually have the same skin color and there are many different skin colors in t
8、he world.Reason for skin colorThe reasons for different skin colors mainly 3 in biology and history.Biology reasonsl The amount of melanin, by which a persons skin color is 4 , varies from people to people. The more melanin a person has, the 5 his or her skin will be. l Vitamin D is another source 6
9、 skin color. Vitamin D is necessary for humans to build bones. Sunlight contributes to vitamin D in the skin. Historical reasonsl The earliest people in Africa dad dark skin with hair covering it because the sunlight is very strong. l When they moved to places where they could not get enough sunligh
10、t to 7 vitamin D, their skin color became lighter. l Generally speaking, people in areas with strong sunlight, have darker skin 8 people in other areas have lighter skin.9 Melanin 10 an important role in our skin color. With our living environment changing, melanin production is changed, which leads
11、 to the changes in our skin color.A World of Skin Color 江苏省马坝中学江苏高考任务型阅读解题的有效性- 表格式： 一、审题： 1、审题目要求。 、是否可用文中的词填写。 、弄清字数限制。 此任务阅读限定每个空格只填一个单词；对是否用文中的 词填写没有限制即可用文中的词。 2、审任务设置类型。 、 表格式。（结构常为对比陈述；通常分左右栏，左 栏为文章提纲右栏文章细节。） 此短文设置表格任务型。左栏为文章提纲：brief introduction、reasons、biology reasons、 historical reasons、con
12、clusion；右栏为支撑每一topic的细节。 、 树状式。（结构常为先总后分；通常分上下框，上 框为topic sentences,下框为supporting sentences。 ）江苏省马坝中学二、阅读： 1.读图表。（快速浏览，了解短文的写作提纲。） 2.浏览图表，了解：topic sentence 1 details 3. topic sentence 2 details 4. topic sentence 3 details 5. topic sentence 4 details 6. topic sentence 5 details 7.2. 读短文。 8.、快读：快速浏览全文
13、，抓住文章主题，同时结合 图表，洞悉文章结构。 9.Paragraph 1 Topic sentence 1 10.Paragraph 1 Topic sentence 1 11.Paragraph 1 Topic sentence 1 12.Paragraph 1 Topic sentence 1 13.Paragraph 1 Topic sentence 1 江苏省马坝中学、细读：仔细阅读，获取充分信息，查出答题的对应信 息点。 第一空paragraph 1归纳结构类词； 第二空对应信息点为why people living in particular areas usually have
14、; 第三空对应信息点为biology and history are the two reasons for this,要求学同义转换; 第四空对应信息点为which determines a persons skin color; 第五空对应信息点为by producing more melanin, making the skin darker; 第六空对应信息点为skin color is also affected by another sourcevitamin D; 第七空对应信息点为 a darkskinned person will produce less; 江苏省马坝中学第
15、八空对应信息点为 having darker skin, while people ; 第九空对应信息点为paragraph 5 归纳结构类词； 第十空对应信息点为 had melanin determine our skin color.江苏省马坝中学三、答题。 1.结构类的词：、 熟记常见结构类词汇。归纳掌握常见的表达文章结 构的概括性词汇：introduction(导入)、 cause/reason(原因)、advantage(优点)、 disadvantage(不足)、attitude(态度)、 result/effect/consequence(结果)、 suggestion/advice/tip(建议)、及dos和donts等。 、 确定答案。 、联系图表左栏的上下栏，确定用词及词的形式。（大 小写、单复数、动词+ing等） 、联系图表左栏与之相对应的右栏的细节，归纳结构类 用词和词的形式。 （大小写、单复数、动词+ing等江苏省马坝中学2. 细
