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1、第第 1616 周周末补课练习周周末补课练习一、一、ItIt isis + + adj.adj. (for/of(for/of sb.)sb.) toto dodo sth.sth. 句型句型 1. 形容词说的是“人”：It is + adj.+of sb.+ (not) to do of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 2. 形容词说的是“事物”It is + adj.+for
2、sb.+ (not) to do for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult,interesting, important,impossible 等 Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。选择题 ( ) 1. Its clever _ you _ so many toy ships. A. of; making B. of; to make C. for; to make D. for; making ( ) 2. Its _ for us _ p
3、olite in class. A. interesting, to become B.good, to C. important, to D. necessary, to be ( ) 3. _ careless of you to make lots of mistakes. A. Thats B. Its C. It D. Its ( ) 4. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup. A.for;of B.of;for C. to;for D. of; to ( ) 5. -I often have hambu
4、rgers for lunch. -Youd better not. Its bad for you _too much junk food. A.eat B.to eat C.eating D. ate ( ) 6. Its good for us _ every day. A. play sports B. playing sports C. to play sports D. to playing sports分析：1、 It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth 中的 adj.跟 sb.有关,这个 adj.是用来形容 sb.的,表示某人这么做真是太 adj.了 你会发现在这
5、个句型中你把 sb.和 adj.提出来可以造个句 sb.is(are) adj.如 Its very kind of you to help me.把里面的 sb.和 adj.提出来可以发现 you are kind 是说得通的.而 It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth 表示做某事对某人来说很 adj.这里的 adj.是 do sth.的属性 里面的 sb.跟 adj.没有直接联系 如 Its difficult for you to deal with the problem.你就不能说 you are difficult 了吧 总结：Its adj of sb to
6、do sth 中 adj 是针对事件,修饰 sbIts adj for sb to do sth 中 adj 是针对 sb,修饰事件用 of 常用于描述人的性质 友好、可恨、善良等.用 for 常用于描述事情的性质 容易、重要、关键 例如：It”s very nice (kind,friendly) of you to help me carry the baggage.你真友好,帮我搬了行李.It” s very important for you to solve the problems.解答出那些难题对于你来说非常主要. 二、宾语从句二、宾语从句一、定义宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中
7、作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句。that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said （that） he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know （that）she is seriously ill.I am sure （that） he will succeed.2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接
8、代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who（whom）they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。If 和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if（whether）he lives there.He asked me whether（if
9、）I could help him.二、三关1. 引导词关如果从句是陈述句，引导词用 that（that 在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用 if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。2. 语序关陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Does he work hard? I wonder. I
10、wonder if/whether he works hard. When did he leave? I dont know. I dont know when he left.3. 时态关如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week.如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如： He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He
11、 said that light travels much faster than sound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife?” He asked me.He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 宾语从句的标点
12、均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如： Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know? Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?四、两副面孔if 和 when 既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow, I wont come.（时间状语从句）I dont know if it wil
13、l rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）五、从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是 find，see，watch，hear 等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式。如：She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lying on the ground.2. 当主句谓语动词是 hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree 等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she co
14、uld help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Can you tell me how to get to the station?【中考范例】1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002.A. where does she live B. Where she lives
15、C. where did she live D. where she lived （北京市中考试题）【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选 D。2. Would you please tell me _? （上海市徐汇区中考试题）A. when did he come home B. where he would play footballC. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个
16、句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。3. I dont know when _.A. will the train leave B. the train will leaveC. would the train leave D. the train leave （哈尔滨市中考试题）【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有 B 在语序和时态上符合要求。4. -We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Sweden. （常州市中考试题）A. what he is B. if he lives hereC. where he comes from
