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1、仁爱英语八年级（上）1Unit 4 Our World Topic 1 Plants and animals are important to us. 一、单词： sheep-(复数)sheep; wolf-(复数)wolves；goose-(复数)geese；mouse-(复数)mice fox-(复数)foxes; live- (形容词)living；drop-(过去式)dropped；joy-(动词) enjoy 形容词的比较级和最高级： few-fewer-the fewest clever-cleverer-the cleverest old-older-the oldest eas
2、y-easier-the easiest busy-busier-the busiest happy-happier-the happiest dirty-dirtier-the dirtiest dry-drier-the driest heavy-heavier-the heaviest ugly-uglier-the ugliest noisy-noisier-the noisiest lucky-luckier-the luckiest early-earlier-the earliest big-bigger-the biggest fat-fatter-the fattest th
3、in-thinner-the thinnest wet-wetter-the wettest red-redder-the reddest famous-more famous-the most famous excited-more excited-the most excited interesting-more interesting-the most interesting useful-more useful-the most useful important-more important-the most important good/well-better-the best ba
4、d/badly-worse-the worst little-less-the least many/much-more-the most far-farther/further-the farthest/furthest 二、词组： be important to 对来说很重要 be necessary for 对来说是必需的 in fact 实际 上 sing to us 为我们唱歌 bothand不仅而且 share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物 thousands of people 成千上万人 two thousand people 两千人 feed on 以为食 in
5、the tree 在树上(外来的) on the tree 在树上(树上长的) in danger 处于危险中 make up 组成 fill A with B 用 B 把 A 装满 save every drop of water 节约每一滴 水 less and less 越来越少(+不可数名词) fewer and fewer 越来越少(+可数名词复数) smaller and smaller 越来越小 living things 生物 in the south of China 在中国南 部 on the south of China 在中国南部(外部、接壤) to the south
6、 of China(外部、不接壤) on the earth 在地球上 water the tree 浇树 a few days later 几天以后 later on 随 后 on the farm 在农场 live in the countryside 住在乡下 control the climate 调节气候 give us joy=bring us happiness 给我们快乐 enjoy the beauties of nature 享受自然的美 景 make it dirtier 使它更脏 make the air fresher 使空气更清新 keep it straight
7、使它竖直 above zero 零度以上 6% of the earth surface 地球表面的 6% play with 和一起 玩 go there for my summer vacation 到那去度暑假 think about 考虑 make sure 确保 三、句型： 1. He thinks the air is fresher, the sky is bluer, and there are also greener trees and clearer rivers there.他认为那的空气更清新，天空更蓝，树更绿，水更清。 2. Which do you like be
8、tter, plants or animals?植物和动物，你更喜欢哪一个？ Which kind of animals do you like best, cows, snakes or frogs?你最喜欢哪种动物， 牛，蛇还是青蛙？这两句话中的 or 都表示选择。在两者之间进行选择，用比较级；在三者及三者仁爱英语八年级（上）2以上进行选择，用最高级。 3. Humans need water to drink, to cook and to clean.人们需要水来喝，做饭，洗东西。4. They have less and less land to live on. 他们可以居住的土地
9、越来越少。1)less and less 是比较级连用的形式，表示越来越。2)本句中的动词不定式和前面的名词构成了动宾关系，但 live 是不及物动词，必 须加上适当的介词，才能加宾语。eg. The room is too small for us to live in.这间屋子对我们来说太小了，住不下。I dont have a pen to write with.我没有写字用的笔。 5. They are the largest and heaviest animals in the world.他们是世界上最大最重的动 物本句中出现了两个比较级，它们共用一个定冠词 the. 6. Th
10、ey are the oldest type of tigers living in the world.他们是世界上存活的最古老的老 虎品种。 7. Its the best season to plant trees. 春天是种树的最好季节。 8. Dig a hole in the earth and make sure its deep enough for a tree. 在地里挖个坑，确 保这个坑对树来说足够深。enough 只能修饰形容词副词的原级，而且必须放在形容词副词后面。eg. He isnt old enough to go to school. 9. Put the t
11、ree in the hole and keep it straight.把树放在坑里，使它保持竖直。 10. Fill the hole with earth, and make the earth hard with your feet.用土把坑填满，并用 脚把土踩实。 11. If everything is OK, the tree will grow new leaves a few days later.如果一切都好了， 那么几天以后，这棵树就会长出新叶子。if 引导的条件状语从句要遵从主将从现的原则，即 if+一般现在时，主句+will do.eg. We will go to
12、the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 四、语法：形容词副词比较级和最高级的用法 1. 两者比较时，用比较级，标志语 than;三者或三者以上用最高级，标志语 in/of.通 常形容词的最高级前必须有 the,而副词最高级前可以省略 the。 2. 修饰比较级的词通常有 much, a little, even, a lot 等，即使句中没有 than,含有比较 含义，仍用比较级；修饰原级的词通常有 very, so, too, quite, really, enough 等。
13、eg. This one is small. Please give me a bigger one.That box is much heavier. 3比较级连用表示越来越。在比较级连用时，一定要先把形容词副词变成比较 级，之后再连用。eg. cold-colder-colder and colder long-longer-longer and longergood-better-better and better bad-worse-worse and worsepopular-more popular-more and more popularserious-more serious
14、-more and more serious 4. 当比较对象相同时，用 that 代替可数名词单数或不可数名词，复数用 those 代替。eg. The weather in Zhengzhou is warmer than that in Beijing.The apples on this tree are bigger than those on that tree. 5. 比较级结构也可以表示最高级含义。eg. He is taller than any other student in our class.He is taller than the other students i
15、n our class.仁爱英语八年级（上）36. 比较级前可以出现具体的数词来修饰。eg. Lucy is 10 years old. Lily is 8 years old. = Lucy is 2 years older than Lily. 7. 某一事物与其它事物作比较时，必须排除自身。eg. Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.(上海属于中国，要排除自身)Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.(上海不属于日本，不需要排除自身) 8. the + 比较级 +，the + 比较级 +. 表示“越，越eg. The more we get together, the happier we will be.The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 9. the + 比较级 + of the two,表示两者中较为的那个。eg. Tom is the older of the two men.
