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1、形容词/副词的比较级与最高级大多数形容词或副词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示说明的性质或程度上的不同。原级:原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词或副词的原形。例如: poor tall great比较级和最高级:比较级和最高级形式是在原级基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化：（1）概述形容词修饰名词，说明人或事物或特征。在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语。The beautiful girl is Toms sister.（充当定语）Three is nothing serious, is there?（充当定语，修饰不定代词的形容词及短语要放在不定代词之后）The shoes in t
2、he shop were not very expensive.（作表语）The old are looked after well.（有些形容词和定冠词 the 连用时，表示一类人或物，其谓语动词用复数形式）（2）形容词/副词的比较级及最高级的形式A 绝大部分双音节形容词和单音节形容词的比较等级变化是规则变化。情 况 变 化 形 式 举 例一般情况 在词尾直接加-er ; -est small - smaller - smallest以不发音的 e 结尾的词 在词尾加 r ; - st ; large - larger - largest以辅音字母+y 结尾 变 y 为 i，加- er; -
3、est happy- happier- happiest以“辅元辅”结尾结尾的重读闭音节将该辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -estfat fatter fattestthin thinner thinnestbig bigger biggesthot hotter - hottestB.部分双音节和多音节形容词 /副词的比较级和最高级变化形式在多音节形容词前加more 或 mostbeautiful more beautiful most beautifuluseful more useful most usefulC 特殊变化：形容词/副词的比较级和最高级形式：good/wellbetter
4、best badworseworstmany/muchmoremost badlyworseworstfarfartherfarthest( farfurtherfurthest)oldeldereldest littlelessleast（3）形容词/副词的比较等级的用法A原级: 当 A=B 时，则用 as（副）as（介，连），中间用形容词或副词的原级。表示甲与乙在某方面一样He is as tall as I (me)AB，则用 not as(so)as 表示甲与乙在某方面不一样。He is not so tall as I = He is shorter than I =Im talle
5、r than heThe boy isnt as careful as that one= This boy isnt as careful than that oneB比较级：比较级+than 形式This lesson is more difficult than that oneShe is fatter than KateC最高级：the+最高级+(in /of)短语Miss Zhou is one of the most popular in our classHe is the oldest of the threeof 常与名词复数或表示数量的词连用。表示“在之中”这一。in 常
6、与表示范围或场所的名词连用“在范围之中”D.最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较 , 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句South Africa has the most official languages in the world.The longest river in the world id Nile.The most frequent letter in English is e. Professor David is one of the worlds famous experts on language.How many Englis
7、h words does the book list ?(4)比较级特殊用法A. more and more 比较级连用表示 “越来越”In spring the weather gets warmer and warmer.He is getting busier and busier.B. The more the more 越 就越The larger the bus is , the more people it can carry.The farther away an object is from us, the smaller it looks.C.比较级形式表达最高级：比较级+than any other+名词单数；比较级+than the other+ 名词复数He is clever than any other boy- He is the cleverest of all the boys- He is cleverer than the other boysD.修饰比较级的副词有 much, even , quite , a little, a lot 等表示“得多” “甚至” ，表示程度。
