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1、延续性动词与非延续性动词延续性动词与非延续性动词动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成 时态与表示与表示“ “段时间段时间“ “的状语连用，不能与表示短暂时间的的状语连用，不能与表示短暂时间的“ “点时间点时间“ “状语连用状语连用。表示时间段的短语有: for+一段时间, for 2 years; si
2、nce 从句, since he came here; since+时间点名词, since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time 注：在 until 引导的时间状语从句中，若主句的谓语动词是持续性动词，既可以用肯定形式，也可以用否定形式，但句子含义不同。例: He has lived here for 6 years. How long did you stay there last year?She listened to the radio until her father came back她一直听收音机到她父亲回
3、来。She didnt listen to the radio until her father came back直到她父亲回来才听收音机。 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即 结束,如:open, die, close, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等，可用于现在完成时。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：two years ago; at 5 oclock; 例:He
4、 died 5 years ago. 用于现在完成时否定式中，非延续性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用用于现在完成时否定式中，非延续性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用, 已成为一已成为一 种可以延续的状态。种可以延续的状态。注：1、在 while（表示“一段时间”）引导的从句中，不能用短暂性动词，但 when 可以，因为 when 可表示“时间的点”，也可表示“一段时间”。2、短暂性动词的否定式同 until 一起连用，构成“not until”结构，意为“直到才”，表示这个动作直到 until 所表达的时间到来时才发生。例: I havent left here for 3 years.
5、误：While I got to the village，it was dark 正：When I got to the village，it was darkWe wont go to visit the Great Wall until the rain stops 三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换： 基本变化规则： a)用延续性动词代替短暂性（终止性）动词1、用 have 代替 buy 2、用 keep 或 have 代替 borrow3、用 be 替代 become 4、用 have a cold 代替 catch a cold 5、用 wear 代替 put onb)用“be形
6、容词”代短暂性动词1、bemarried 代 marry 2、beill 代 fall (get) ill3、bedead 代 die 4、beasleep 代 fall (get) asleep5、beawake 代 wake/wake up 6、begone 代 lose, die, sell, leave7、beopen 代 open 8、be closed 代 close/shut 9、bemissing(gone, lost)代 losec)用“be副词”代短暂性动词1“beon”代 start, begin 2“beup”代 get up 3“beback(to)”代 return
7、 to, come back to, go back to 4“be here (there)”代 come(arrive, reach, get) here 或 go (arrive, reach, get) there 等等d)用“be介词短语”代短暂性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替 go to /come to 2.用 be in the army 代替 join the army 3.“be in/at +地点”代替 move to常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表： 1. have arrived at/in. got to/reached. come/gone/moved to.
8、 have been in./at2. have come/gone back/returned have been back 3. have come/gone out have been out4. have become have been 5. have closed / opened have been close/open6. have got up have been up； 7. have died have been dead；8. have left sw. have been away from sw. 9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep
9、 have been asleep；10. have finished/ended/completed have been over； 11. have married have been married；12. have started/begun to do sth have done sth； 13. have begun have been on14. have borrowed/bought have kept/had 15. have lost havent had16. have put on have worn 17. have caught /get a cold have
10、had a cold；18. have got to know have known 19. have/has gone to have been in 练习：练习：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory _ sinc
11、e the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mustnt _ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ende
12、d C. has been over7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has
13、, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved a
14、way C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book, but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ foe 2 hours. 19.- How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks.A. got up B. has got up C. has bee
