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1、 隐名股东论文：隐名股东论文：隐名股东 名义股东 股东地位【中文摘要】隐名股东,作为一种现实经济生活中颇为常见的投资方式,在我国市场经济发展和商事法律兴旺的今天,此种现象有增无减,由其引发的纠纷亦愈来愈多,传统的合同法、物权法和公司法已不足以对此进行规范和保护。隐名股东的概念及其地位问题,是解决隐名股东问题的基础和关键,而迄今为止,立法未对此问题作出明确的规定,学界亦无成型理论及学说,以至于实务界在面临此类法律纠纷时处于无法可据、无理可依的境地。 最高人民法院关于适用(中华人民共和国公司法)若干问题的规定(三)(法释 3 号,以下简称解释(三)于 2011 年 2 月 16 日公布施行,其中有
2、关“实际出资人”的条款亦应适用于隐名股东,可以作为隐名股东纠纷解决的依据,然而我们也意识到,解释三的出台并未对隐名股东问题进行根本上的解决,解释三的法律效果乃至社会效果有待进一步观察,同时,解释三本身亦存在不少漏洞,这在一定程度上影响了其效果的发挥。因此,对隐名股东问题的理论研究未因解释三的发布而走向终点,而是刚刚走到一个新起点。本文基于这一观点,在解释三颁布不久,归纳总结时下较为通行的理论及立法例,以“隐名股东的概念及其地位”为题撰写了此篇论文。全文共分四个部分对隐名股东的概念及其地位问题进行系统地分析和研究。本文第一部分：本部分首先从比较法学的角度出发,分析了隐名股东在不同法域国家中的存在
3、,指出隐名股东这一投资模式并不符合各国的立法潮流,其他国家鲜有此立法例；分析隐名股东在我国的立法现状,指出隐名股东理论和立法上的缺失给实务界所带来的困扰；最后在列举和分析学界关于隐名股东各学说的基础上,界定本文所指称“隐名股东”的定义、特征及其类型。本文第二部分：本部分首先对隐名股东这一投资模式在经济生活中的纠纷形式进行列举,指出这一模式利益关系复杂,交易成本和风险较大。其后对隐名股东与其他关系人的法律关系进行深入剖析,明确各自的权利义务及其纠纷处理。本文第三部分：本部分主要在商法原则层面,对隐名股东这一投资模式进行价值分析。商事法的原则是商事立法的统率和指导,隐名股东模式在交易迅捷原则下,具
4、有反效率性；在企业维持原则下,具有不稳定因素；在交易安全原则下,不利于对第三人的保护；而在私法自治原则下,为从商自由理念所允许和支持。本文第四部分：本部分首先对学界颇具影响的隐名股东立法理论股权信托制度进行评论,指出我国引入该制度,并以此来规范隐名股东模式,保护有关当事人权益的可行性；其后对解释三相关法条进行评述,指出解释三在处理隐名股东问题上的进展与不足。【英文摘要】Dormant shareholders, as a fairly common way to invest in real economic life, this phenomenon increases in our mar
5、ket economy and thriving commercial law today, and it is also an increasing number of disputes arising. Traditional contract law, property law and company law have been insufficient to regulate and protect these acts. The concept and the status of dormant shareholders is the basis and key of solutio
6、n to dormant shareholder issues. Until now, legislation does not explicitly provide for this issue, and scholars have not developed the theory and doctrine, resulting in the face of practitioners at the time of this dispute can be no legal basis, no theory can be based on the situation.” Supreme Peo
7、ples Court on the application Provisions on Several Issues (c) “(Supreme (2011) 3, hereinafter referred to as interpretation (c) promulgated on February 16,2011.One on “the actual investor” provisions should also apply to dormant shareholders, and they can be as an implicit shareholder basis for dis
8、pute resolution. However, we also realize that, the emergence of interpretation” can not fundamentally solve the problem of dormant shareholders. The social effects as well as the legal effect require further observation. At the same time, “ interpretation”itself has many loopholes, which to some ex
9、tent, affected the play of its effect. Therefore, theoretical study of dormant shareholders not because the “interpretation of the three” comes towards the end, just went to a new starting point. Based on this view, in the “interpretation” issued soon, this article Summarizes the prevailing theory n
10、owadays more and enactment of legislation, to “The concept and the status of dormant shareholders analysis” as the title of this thesis.Paper is divided into four parts to systematically analyzed and studied the issue of dormant shareholders.The first part:This section first from the perspective of
11、comparative law, analyzed the existence of Dormant shareholders in different national jurisdictions, and pointed out the investment model that does not comply with the trend of national legislation, and few other countries have such legislation cases; analysis of the legislative situation in China,
12、pointed out that the lack of legislation and theory brings practitioners of the troubled sector. Finally, on the basis of the enumeration and analysis of relevant theories, this article defines the definition, the characteristics and the classification of dormant shareholders.The second part:This se
13、ction first lists the investment patterns of dormant shareholders disputes in economic life, and pointed out that the interests of this model complex, transaction costs and higher risk. Subsequent in-depth analysis of the dormant shareholders and other persons of the legal relationship, define their
14、 respective rights and obligations and dispute resolution.The third part:This part mainly on the level of principle in commercial law, value the existence of this model of dormant shareholder. The principle of commercial law is the command and guidance of commercial legislation. From the perspective
15、 of the principle of trading quick, dormant shareholder model is not efficient. From the perspective of the principle of enterprises to maintain, dormant shareholder model is unstable form. From the perspective of the principles of transaction security, dormant shareholder model is not conducive to
16、the protection of third party. Under the principle of autonomy in private law, this mode is allowed from the business idea of freedom and support.The fourth part:This section first reviews the equity trust system, which has great influence in academic circles. Need to introduce this system in our country, and thus to regulate the dormant shareholders mode and protect the interests of the parties concerned. Subs
