《REVIEW OF STATUS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR POWER GENERATION》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《REVIEW OF STATUS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR POWER GENERATION（60页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、REVIEW OF STATUS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR POWER GENERATIONReport No. COAL R224 DTI/Pub URN 02/1509byJ E Oakey, Cranfield University L W Pinder, Powergen UK UK plc R Vanstone and M Henderson, ALSTOM Power S Osgerby, National Physical LaboratoryThe work described in this report was carried out under
2、contract as part of the Department of Trade and Industrys Cleaner Coal Technology Transfer Programme. The Programme is managed by Future Energy Solutions. The views and judgements expressed in this report are those of the Contractor and do not necessarily reflect those of Future Energy Solutions or
3、the Department of Trade and Industry.Crown Copyright 2003 First published February 2003REVIEW OF STATUS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR POWER GENERATIONJ E Oakeya, L W Pinderb, R Vanstonec, M Hendersonc and S OsgerbydSUMMARYThe construction of economically viable and durable power plant components is depe
4、ndent on the selection of the most appropriate materials and fabrication methods. The implementation of advanced materials in power generation applications has resulted in significant advances in plant performance and hence emissions reductions.Advanced materials are now being deployed in new and ex
5、isting power plant to improve operating performance and reliability, availability, maintainability and operability. These materials, from ferritic alloys for boilers to ceramics for filter elements or coatings for the protection of gas turbine blades, are the result of extensive research programmes.
6、 In some cases, it can take over ten years to take a new material concept from initial trials to implementation, supported by the necessary long term mechanical and environmental performance data.This review addresses advanced materials and their applications in current and future coal power technol
7、ogies relevant to the UK and UK industry exports. All the key power technologies are covered from supercritical pulverised coal boilers, through steam turbines and gasifiers to gas turbines and advanced cycles involving fuel cells and CO2 management.From the review, the R the adaptation of power pla
8、nt technologies to new fuels, thereby reducing opportunities for improved environmental performance.Materials research is a major part of any initiative to produce cleaner/cheaper energy systems. Innovative materials from concept to implementation can take decades to develop. UK materials programmes
9、 must, therefore, have the foresight and resources to pursue the necessary technology through to practical demonstrator outcomes.As a result, this review recommends that an integrated long term materials R ECs Framework 6 consultations; USAs Vision 21; Japans New Sunshine programme.The APGTF issued
10、a UK technology strategy out to 2030 in September 20011 to assist the identification of those power plant technologies worthy of UK development for home or export applications. This strategy focused on the research and development needs for fossil-fuelled power generation and associated technologies
11、, including those for waste and biomass.Most future, global predictions2,3 still see the large, central power station as being dominant for new build over the next 10-15 years. The dominant technology for new coal plant is likely to remain as pulverised fuel (pf). For gas turbines (GTs), large plant
12、 will continue to dominate but there will be a growing market for the micro, small and mid-size GTs. Gradual growth of Distributed Generation (DG) is expected to continue and up to 20% of generation in EU could be from Distributed Generation by 2020.The major impact of renewables on the electricity
13、market is not expected to be felt until after 2020. So, there is expected to be a continued drive for higher efficiency in fossil-fuelled plant which could act against the large central power station for some applications in the future and in favour of distributed generation, which may achieve highe
14、r efficiencies through combined heat and power applications.For fossil-fuel technologies, CO2 capture and sequestration is a future possibility. According to a recent US Department of Energy report4, Scientific experts are optimistic that (large scale) CO2 capture and sequestration could be implemen
15、ted on a scale that would mitigate climate change . and if successfully developed could allow the continued use of fossil fuels in the presence of carbon emission constraints. However, this is unlikely to be cheap; current estimates by the US Department of Energy are that it will add up to 50% on th
16、e electricity price to the consumer and this would still leave the problem of CO2 disposal. A more recent publication from the IEA5 gives estimates of the cost of capture as 50-70% of the cost of generation, depending on the technology. However, despite its expense, some utilities are carrying out studies on how to implement CO2 capture and sequestration on some existing coal plants. If greenhouse gas trading or a system of credits comes into force in the future, then t
