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1、 法律类法律类 GOING BACK AND GETTING IT RIGHT By almost every measure, Paul Pfingst is an unsentimental prosecutor. Last week the San Diego County district attorney said he fully intends to try suspect Charles Andrew Williams, 15, as an adult for the Santana High School shootings. Even before the tragedy,
2、 Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults. So nobody would have wagered that Pfingst would also be the first D.A. in the U.S. to launch his very own Innocence Project. Yet last June, Pfingst told his attorneys to go bac
3、k over old murder and rape convictions and see if any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools. In other words, he wanted to revisit past victories-this time playing for the other team. “I think people misunderstand being conservative for being biased,“ says Pfingst. “I consider myself a pragm
4、atic guy, and I have no interest in putting innocent people in jail.“ Around the U.S., flabbergasted defense attorneys and their jailed clients cheered his move. Among prosecutors, however, there was an awkward pause. After all, each DNA test costs as much as $5,000. Then theres the unspoken risk: i
5、f dozens of innocents turn up, the D.A. will have indicted his shop. But nine months later, no budgets have been busted or prosecutors ousted. Only the rare case merits review. Pfingsts team considers convictions before 1993, when the city started routine DNA testing. They discard cases if the defen
6、dant has been released. Of the 560 remaining files, they have re-examined 200, looking for cases with biological evidence and defendants who still claim innocence. They have identified three so far. The most compelling involves a man serving 12 years for molesting a girl who was playing in his apart
7、ment. But others were there at the time. Police found a small drop of saliva on the victims shirt-too small a sample to test in 1991. Today that spot could free a man. Test results are due any day. Inspired by San Diego, 10 other counties in the U.S. are starting DNA audits. By Amanda Ripley ez ncis
8、co sijevic rtwell; Lisa McLaughlin; Joseph Pierro; Josh Tyrangiel and Sora Song 注 (1)本文选自 Time; 03/19/2001, Vol. 157 Issue 11, p62, 1p, 2c, 3bw 注 (2)本文习题命题模仿对象 2004 年真题 text 1. 1.How did Pfingst carry out his own Innocence Project? ABy getting rid of his bias against the suspects. BBy revisiting the
9、 past victories. CBy using the newly developed DNA-testing tools. DBy his cooperation with his attorneys. 2.Which of the following can be an advantage of Innocence Project? ATo help correct the wrong judgments. BTo oust the unqualified prosecutors. CTo make the prosecutors in an awkward situation. D
10、To cheer up the defense attorneys and their jailed clients. 3.The expression “flabbergasted”(Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means _. Aexcited Bcompetent Cembarrassed Dastounded 4.Why was Pfingst an unsentimental prosecutor? AHe intended to try a fifteen-year old suspect. BHe had no interest in p
11、utting the innocent in jail. CHe supported the controversial California law. DHe wanted to try suspect as young as fourteen. 5.Which of the following is not true according to the text? APfingsts move didnt have a great coverage. B Pfingsts move had both the positive and negative effect. C Pfingsts m
12、ove didnt work well. DPfingsts move greatly encouraged the jailed prisoners. 篇章剖析 本文采用的是记叙文的模式。第一段指出芬斯特作为一位铁面无私的检查官的一些做法；第二段指出芬斯特实施 “清白计划”的打算及做法；第三段指出实施“清白计划”造成的反应以及可能存在的问题；第四段和第五段是实施“清白计划”的结果和影响。 词汇注释 prosecutor 5prRsIkju:tE(r)n.检察官 ,检察员,起诉人,原告 controversial kRntrE5v:F(E)ladj.争论的, 争议的 mandate 5mAnd
13、eItv.批准制订一个训令，如通过法律；发布命令或要求： wager 5weIdVE(r)v.下赌注, 保证 conviction kEn5vIkF(E)nn.定罪, 宣告有罪 unravelQn5rAv(E)lv. 阐明, 解决 flabbergast5flAbEB:st; (?) -Astv.使大吃一惊, 哑然失色, 使目瞪口呆 indictIn5daItv.起诉, 控告, 指控, 告发 bustbQstv.破产或缺钱 oustaJstv.剥夺, 取代, 驱逐 discarddI5skB:dv.抛开；遗弃；废弃 molestmE5lestv.骚乱, 困扰, 调戏 salivasE5laIv
14、En.口水, 唾液 难句突破难句突破 1.Even before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults. 主体句式： Pfingst had stood behind 结构分析： Even before the tragedy 是本句的时间状语；主句是 Pfingst had stood behind;that 引导的宾语从句修饰 law;在从句中，asas 是一词
15、组，意思是“和一样”；出现的第三个 as 是介词，意思是“作为”。 句子译文：甚至在这场悲剧发生之前芬斯特就支持加利福尼亚州的一项颇有争议的法律。这项法律规定，以成人身份受审的谋杀嫌疑犯的最低年龄可以降到十四岁。 题目分析题目分析 1.答案为 C，属事实细节题。文中对应信息“Pfingst told his attorneys to go back over old murder and rape convictions and see if any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools.”是对第二段第一句的补充说明。 2.答案为 A，属
16、推理判断题。从上下文我们可以得知，实施“清白计划”就是使用先进的 DNA 技术来重新审理过去的案件当中可能存在的冤案错案。 3.答案为 D, 属猜词题。从第二段第一句话我们得知芬斯特可能是美国第一个实施非常独特的“清白计划”的人，因此他的做法很可能是令人感到吃惊的，从而可猜出该词的含义。 4.答案为 B，属推理判断题。从第一段和第二段给出的事例我们可以看出，芬斯特不愿放过任何一个犯罪的人，即便他的年龄还不算大；他也不愿使无辜者蒙冤，即便案件已经审理。 5.答案为 C，属推理判断题。正因为 “Pfingsts move works well”,美国才又有“ten other counties are starting DNA audits”,而且，“no budgets have been busted or prosecutors ousted”. 教育类教育类 PLIGHT OF THE PRESCH
