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1、SECTION7SECTION7 SPECTROSCOPYSPECTROSCOPY7.1X-RAYMETHODS7.27.1X-RAYMETHODS7.2 Table7.1WavelengthsofX-RayEmissionSpectrainAngstroms7.3Table7.1WavelengthsofX-RayEmissionSpectrainAngstroms7.3 Table7.2WavelengthsofAbsorptionEdgesinAngstroms7.5Table7.2WavelengthsofAbsorptionEdgesinAngstroms7.5 Table7.3Cr
2、iticalX-RayAbsorptionEnergiesinkeV7.8Table7.3CriticalX-RayAbsorptionEnergiesinkeV7.8 Table7.4X-RayEmissionEnergiesinkeV7.10Table7.4X-RayEmissionEnergiesinkeV7.10 Table7.5Table7.5FiltersforCommonTargetElements7.14FiltersforCommonTargetElements7.14 Table7.6InterplanarSpacingsforTable7.6InterplanarSpac
3、ingsforK K1Radiation,1Radiation,d dversus2versus27.147.14 Table7.7AnalyzingCrystalsforX-RaySpectroscopy7.15Table7.7AnalyzingCrystalsforX-RaySpectroscopy7.15Table7.8MassAbsorptionCoefTable7.8MassAbsorptionCoeffificientsforcientsforK K1Linesand1LinesandWLWL1Line7.161Line7.16 7.2ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLESPEC
4、TROSCOPY7.187.2ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLESPECTROSCOPY7.18 Table7.9ElectronicAbsorptionBandsforRepresentativeChromophores7.19Table7.9ElectronicAbsorptionBandsforRepresentativeChromophores7.19 Table7.10UltravioletCutoffsofSpectrogradeSolvents7.20Table7.10UltravioletCutoffsofSpectrogradeSolvents7.20 Table7.11
5、AbsorptionWavelengthofDienes7.21Table7.11AbsorptionWavelengthofDienes7.21 Table7.12AbsorptionWavelengthofEnonesandDienones7.22Table7.12AbsorptionWavelengthofEnonesandDienones7.22 Table7.13SolventCorrectionforUltraviolet-VisibleSpectroscopy7.23Table7.13SolventCorrectionforUltraviolet-VisibleSpectrosc
6、opy7.23 Table7.14PrimaryBandsofSubstitutedBenzeneandHeteroaromatics7.23Table7.14PrimaryBandsofSubstitutedBenzeneandHeteroaromatics7.23 Table7.15WavelengthCalculationofthePrincipalBandofSubstitutedTable7.15WavelengthCalculationofthePrincipalBandofSubstituted BenzeneDerivatives7.24BenzeneDerivatives7.
7、24 7.3FLUORESCENCE7.257.3FLUORESCENCE7.25 Table7.16FluorescenceSpectroscopyofSomeOrganicCompounds7.25Table7.16FluorescenceSpectroscopyofSomeOrganicCompounds7.25 Table7.17FluorescenceQuantumYieldValues7.28Table7.17FluorescenceQuantumYieldValues7.28 7.4FLAMEATOMICEMISSION,FLAMEATOMICABSORPTION,7.4FLAM
8、EATOMICEMISSION,FLAMEATOMICABSORPTION, ELECTROTHERMAL(FURNACE)ATOMICABSORPTION,ARGONELECTROTHERMAL(FURNACE)ATOMICABSORPTION,ARGON INDUCTIONCOUPLEDPLASMA,ANDPLASMAATOMICINDUCTIONCOUPLEDPLASMA,ANDPLASMAATOMIC FLUORESCENCE7.28FLUORESCENCE7.28 Table7.18DetectionLimitsinng/mL7.29Table7.18DetectionLimitsi
9、nng/mL7.29 Table7.19SensitiveLinesoftheElements7.34Table7.19SensitiveLinesoftheElements7.34 7.4.1SomeCommonSpectroscopicRelationships7.387.4.1SomeCommonSpectroscopicRelationships7.38 7.5INFRAREDSPECTROSCOPY7.417.5INFRAREDSPECTROSCOPY7.41 Table7.20AbsorptionFrequenciesofSingleBondstoHydrogen7.41Table
10、7.20AbsorptionFrequenciesofSingleBondstoHydrogen7.41 Table7.21AbsorptionFrequenciesofTripleBonds7.47Table7.21AbsorptionFrequenciesofTripleBonds7.47 Table7.22AbsorptionFrequenciesofCumulatedDoubleBonds7.49Table7.22AbsorptionFrequenciesofCumulatedDoubleBonds7.49 Table7.23AbsorptionFrequenciesofCarbony
11、lBands7.50Table7.23AbsorptionFrequenciesofCarbonylBands7.50 7.5.1IntensitiesofCarbonylBands7.537.5.1IntensitiesofCarbonylBands7.53 7.5.2PositionofCarbonylAbsorption7.537.5.2PositionofCarbonylAbsorption7.53 Table7.24AbsorptionFrequenciesofOtherDoubleBonds7.54Table7.24AbsorptionFrequenciesofOtherDoubl
12、eBonds7.54 Table7.25AbsorptionFrequenciesofAromaticBands7.57Table7.25AbsorptionFrequenciesofAromaticBands7.57 Table7.26AbsorptionFrequenciesofMiscellaneousBands7.58Table7.26AbsorptionFrequenciesofMiscellaneousBands7.58 Table7.27AbsorptionFrequenciesintheNearInfrared7.64Table7.27AbsorptionFrequencies
13、intheNearInfrared7.64 Table7.28InfraredTransmittingMaterials7.67Table7.28InfraredTransmittingMaterials7.67 Table7.29InfraredTransmissionCharacteristicsofSelectedSolvents7.68Table7.29InfraredTransmissionCharacteristicsofSelectedSolvents7.68 7.6RAMANSPECTROSCOPY7.717.6RAMANSPECTROSCOPY7.71 Table7.30Ra
14、manFrequenciesofSingleBondstoHydrogenandCarbon7.71Table7.30RamanFrequenciesofSingleBondstoHydrogenandCarbon7.71 Table7.31RamanFrequenciesofTripleBonds7.76Table7.31RamanFrequenciesofTripleBonds7.76 Table7.32RamanFrequenciesofCumulatedDoubleBonds7.77Table7.32RamanFrequenciesofCumulatedDoubleBonds7.77
15、Table7.33RamanFrequenciesofCarbonylBands7.78Table7.33RamanFrequenciesofCarbonylBands7.78 Table7.34RamanFrequenciesofOtherDoubleBonds7.79Table7.34RamanFrequenciesofOtherDoubleBonds7.79 Table7.35RamanFrequenciesofAromaticCompounds7.82Table7.35RamanFrequenciesofAromaticCompounds7.82 Table7.36RamanFrequ
16、enciesofSulfurCompounds7.84Table7.36RamanFrequenciesofSulfurCompounds7.84 Table7.37RamanFrequenciesofEthers7.85Table7.37RamanFrequenciesofEthers7.85DEAN#37261(McGHP)RIGHTINTERACTIVE topofpage7.17.1baseofDFshort standard7.27.2SECTION7Table7.38RamanFrequenciesofHalogenCompounds7.86Table7.38RamanFrequenciesofHalogenCompounds7.86 Table7.39RamanFrequenciesofMiscellaneousCompounds7,87Table7.39RamanFrequenciesofMiscellaneousCompounds7,87 Table7.40PrincipalArgon-IonLaserPlasmaLines7.88Table7.40Prin
