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1、 个性化教案 非谓语动词适用学科英语适用年级高三年级适用区域全国通用课时时长（分钟）60 分钟知识点1. 非谓语动词的分类2. 非谓语动词的句法功能教学目标1、掌握非谓语动词的分类2、掌握非谓语动词的句子成分教学重点1.掌握非谓语动词的分类2.掌握非谓语动词的句子成分教学难点1.掌握非谓语动词的分类2.掌握非谓语动词的句子成分个性化教案2教学过程：一、预习通过提问和练习的方式带领学生复习上节课的主要内容，根据学生掌握的情况进行查缺补漏。复习句子成分知识点，导入这节课的主要知识点-非谓语动词。个性化教案3二、知识讲解知识点 1：非谓语动词种类及句法功能在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语
2、法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive） ；动名词（the Gerund） ；现在分词（the Present Participle） ；过去分词（the Past Participle） 。1、非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.2）都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一
3、般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。例如：He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式）We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）4）都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）The boss ordered them to start the work.
4、（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）We being League member, the work was well done.（现在分词的逻辑主语）2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词） ，在句中做主语、宾语、表语。2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词） ，在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词） ，在句中作状语。个性化教案4知识点 2：非谓语动词句法功能：1 1不定式时态与语态的基本形式不定式时态与语态的基本形式(以以 do 为例为例
5、)主动语态被动语态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing无完成式to have doneto have been done完成进行式to have been doing无1）不定式一般式的用法有两个主要用法：(1)一是表示将来，即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作：We decided to leave early. He asked me to buy him some paper. We expect him to come in time. (2)表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作：He seems to be tired. Who heard him sa
6、y that? Im sorry to hear that. (to hear 略先于 am sorry)2）不定式进行式的用法主要用法有：(1)表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作：He seems to be saying something. He is thought to be hiding in the woods. (2)正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样，不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来：He was happy to be coming home. The old man seems to be dying. 3） 不定式完成式的用法(1)表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作：He s
7、eems to have caught a cold. I hate to have quarreled with her. Im sorry to have given you so much trouble. (2)表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作：I hope to have finished the work by now. (3)表示过去未实实现的想法和愿望：I should like to have come earlier. We were to have been married last year. 4） 不定式完成进行式的用法表示在谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作：个性化教
8、案5You seem to have been writing very long. The battle was said to have been going on for two days. 5）通常要接不定式作宾语的动词通常只接不定式(而不是动名词)作宾语的动词有：afford 负担得起 agree 同意 arrange 安排，设法 ask 要求care 想要 choose 决定 decide 决定 demand 要求determine 决心 expect 期待 fail 未能 help 帮助hesitate 犹豫 hope 希望 long 渴望 manage 设法offer 主动提出
9、 plan 计划 prepare 准备 pretend 假装promise 答应 refuse 拒绝 want 想要 wish 希望I cant afford to buy a car. She refused to help me. He agreed to come over right away. He managed to avoid an accident. The boy decided not to become a sailor.He chose not to go abroad until later. He pretended not to know the facts.
10、2.动名词：动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。1）动名词的形式：语 态式主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done2）动名词的句法功能：1）作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。当动名词短语作主语时常用 it 作形式主语。Its no use quarrelling. 争吵是没用的。2）作表语：In the ant city, the queens job is laying eg
11、gs. 在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。3）作宾语：They havent finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语 it，例如：个性化教案6We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, av
12、oid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认） ，deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, cant help, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent(from),keep from,stop（from）,protectfrom,set about, be engaged in, spend(in
13、), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like4）作定语：He cant walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。Is there a swimming pool in your school. 你们学校有游泳池吗？5）作同位语：The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。His habit, listening to the news on the ra
14、dio remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。3.现在分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。1）现在分词的形式：现在及 物 动 词 write不及物动词 go分词主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式writingbeing writtengoing完成式having written having been writtenhaving gone否定式：not + 现在分词1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如：They went t
15、o the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打兰球。2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。2）现在分词的句法功能：1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前，如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。个性化教案7The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following
