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1、贯通大学四级词汇一贯通大学四级词汇一Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) to help secure Americas energy future ? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWRs oil would help ease Californias electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the countrys energy in
2、dependence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth. With the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels. The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% o
3、f U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multi
4、billion?dollar windfall in tax revenues, royalties and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say, damage to the environment would be insignificant. “Weve never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice.” says Alaska State Repre
5、sentative Scott Ogan. Not so far, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtual
6、ly nothing to ease Americas energy problems. 在北极国家野生动物保护区(ANWR)的土地下是否有足够的石油来确保美国未来的能 源安全？布 什总统认为肯定有。 他声称北极国家野生动物保护区(ANWR)的石油将有助于缓解加州的 电力危机 并能减少美国对国外石油的依赖。但几乎没人知道在这块冰封的土地下究竟有多少原油。 据 1998 年 政府所做的最新查勘，那里有 30 亿到 160 亿桶原油储量。 石油业也随声附和政府报告的乐观看法，他们认为这些石油可以供给美国六年中所需 石油总量 的 10%。游说者们宣称，如果每天在保护区内开采一百万桶原油，美国就可减少
7、从沙特阿 拉伯进口 同样数量的石油。听起来还不错吧！石油业的突然繁荣意味着数十亿美元税收和开采费用， 同时阿 拉斯加和联邦政府也可得到数额庞大的租金。钻井取油的倡议者认为，钻探并不会给当地 生态环境 造成严重的影响。来自阿拉斯加州的众议员斯科特奥冈就说：“我们从未听说输油管能将 驯鹿逐 出其栖息地。 ” 环保主义者却认为，事实并非如此。他们对政府的评估报告持不同意见。国家能源安全委员会 认为，在国家野生动物保护区(ANWR)海岸边的平原上最多只有 32 亿桶经济上可开发的原 油。这根本 无法缓解美国所面临的能源问题。 And consumers would wait up to a decad
8、e to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review. As for ANWRs impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden States electricity output and ju
9、st 3% of the nations.【2005 年 6 月】 而且，消费者要等上十年才能用上产自那里的石油。因为，须得经过多轮有关租金的 讨价还价 及环境勘测和法定审查后才能钻井取油。针对北极国家野生动物保护区(ANWR)的石油能 否缓解加州 的能源危机这一说法，环保主义者指出，北极国家野生动物保护区(ANWR)的石油仅能为 加利福尼亚 州供应其所需电力的 1%；就对全美国而言，这一数字也仅为 3%。 1. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR ? A)It will exhaust the nations oil r
10、eserves. B)It will help secure the future of ANWR. C)It will help reduce the nations oil imports. D)It will increase Americas energy consumption. 2. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry. A)believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yields B)tends to exagger
11、ate Americas reliance on foreign oil C)shows little interest in tapping oil in ANWR D)expects to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia 3. Those against oil drilling in ANWR argue that. A)it can cause serious damage to the environment B)it can do little to solve U.S. energy problems C)it will drain the
12、oil reserves in the Alaskan region D)it will not have much commercial value 4. What do the environmentalists mean by saying “Not so fast” (Line 1, Para.3)? A)Oil exploitation takes a long time. B)The oil drilling should be delayed. C)Dont be too optimistic. D)Dont expect fast returns. 5. It can be l
13、earned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWRs frozen earth. A)remains a controversial issue B)is expected to get under way soon C)involves a lot of technological problems D)will enable the U.S. to be oil independent secureadj. 无虑的，安心的 有把握的 安全的，牢固的 v. 使安全，使可靠 把弄 牢固， 紧闭 获得 【辨析】safe， secu
14、re：safe 安全的,多指处于安全的位置，侧重于没有危险或是危险 不可 及的位置；secure 坚固的，保险的，指受到保护而没有危险。easen. 安逸，舒服 容易 v. 减 轻，缓和 【考点】with ease = easily;at ease 舒服，自由自在地；ease sb. of 减轻某 人;ease one s pain 减轻痛苦 【关联】unease n. 焦虑，不安；easy adj.容易的 majorn. 主修科目 少校 adj. 较大 的 ，较多的，较重要的 vi. 主修，专攻 【考点】major in 主修，专攻 【派生】majority n. 多数，大多数，大部分 be
15、neathprep. 在下面 有失身 份 adv. 在下方，在底下 【辨析】beneath,underneath,under,below:beneath 意为“在下方”时，意义上相当于 under,但指两个物体(位置)相距较远；underneath 与 under 可互换，但常强调“覆盖、隐藏、 接 触”的意义。 在 below、beneath、under、underneath 四个词中，beneath,underneath 一般都用 below、under 取 代；under 最常用。 projectn.计划，方案 工程 项目 vt. 设计，规划 投射，放映 凸出，(使) 伸出 vi.伸出，
16、突出 【考点】project sth.onto sb.把投射到（不自觉地把自己的感觉、问题等加诸他人）【关联】近义词： protrudeoutputn. 产量 输出，输出量 【考点】data output 数据输出 an output device 输出装置 【关联】put out 生产(produce)output 产量(production). consumptionn. 消耗量，消费量 消耗，消费 【考点】for public consumption 公布于众 reservevt. 保留，储备 预定，预约 n. 储备物，储备金，储藏量 缄默，谨慎 自 然保护区 【考点】in reserve 后备的;without reserve 毫无保留地，毫无条件地;reserve for 替 保留，留作之用 【派生】reservation n. 保留；疑惑 预定（
