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1、华北电力大学本科毕业设计（论文）I基于 MATLAB 的过热汽温控制的仿真与设 计摘要随着我国电力工业的迅速发展，越来越多的高参数大容量机组陆续投产。从发展趋势看, 600MW 及以上等级的火电机组已成为大电网的主力机组。同时大容量机组的不断增加和电网调度自动化程度的日益提高，对火电厂机组的控制品质提出了更高的要求。过热汽温度是锅炉运行中的主要参数,它的高低直接影响锅炉安全稳定运行。锅炉过热汽温控制有非线性和时变性。其大延时和大惯性的特点使其一直以来都成为火电厂自动控制的难点。本次毕业设计，针对火电厂锅炉过热汽温控制系统具有大迟延、时变等特点，常规控制难以取得满意的控制效果，通过采用先进的控制
2、策略，在 MATLAB 环境下进行仿真实验，研究过热汽温控制系统的控制性能。关键字：过热器，分段控制，串级控制，过热汽温，控制策略 华北电力大学本科毕业设计（论文）IISteam temperature cascade control sub-system performance analysis and simulationAbstractWith Chinas power industry developing rapidly, more and more large-capacity high-parameter units have put into production. From
3、the development trend, above 600 MW unit will become a main unit of the power grids in the future. With the increasing of the large-capacity unit and the increasing degree of automation of the scheduling grid, it is a higher demand to the quality control of the thermal power plant unit. Supercritica
4、l generating units is the development of large-capacity generating units in China will also become the main force units. The main steam temperature is the main parameters in the boiler operation, which affect the safe and stable operation of boiler directly. The control of main steam temperature in
5、the boiler is nonlinear and time variability. It is very difficult to control for the large delay and the inertia of its characteristics. In this paper, we focused on the characteristics, composition, and the principles analysis of main steam temperature control system and propose a control strategy
6、 that fits the large delay control system. Research superheated steam temperature control system control performance through the use of advanced control strategy and MATLAB simulation experiment,Keywords: Superheater，Segment control，cascade control，superheated steam temperature，control strategy华北电力大
7、学本科毕业设计（论文）III目 录摘要.IAbstract.II1 绪论.11.1 课题背景.11.2 过热汽温控制的难点.11.2.1 过热汽温的意义.21.2.2 过热汽温控制系统.31.3 本文主要研究内容.32 过热汽温控制系统分析.42.1 过热汽温控制系统的对象特性和任务.42.1.1 过热汽温被控对象特性.42.1.2 过热汽温控制系统的任务.62. 1.3 过热汽温控制的难点及设计原则.72.2 过热汽温控制系统.72.2.1 过热汽温串级控制系统分析.82.2.2 过热汽温串级控制系统的组成.82.3 PID 调节器.102.3.1 PID 调节器的基本原理.102.3.2 PID 控制器参数对控制性能的影响.113 分段串级汽温控制系统的仿真实验.133.1 调节器参数的工程整定法.133.12 稳定边界法.133.13 衰减曲线法.143.2 对模型的仿真.154 多模型的 PID 无扰切换.254.1 多模型串级 PID 控制系统.254.2 过热汽温多模型建立.
