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1、滨州技师学院 郑振红状语从句按其意义和作用可分为:1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.目的状语从句5.结果状语从句6.条件状语从句7.方式状语从句8.比较状语从句9.让步状语从句1、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从 属连词有：when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, once, hardlywhen, no soonerthan等引导。如：When he got home, he was very tired.It has been/is 15 years since he
2、 left.Ill tell him the news as soon as I see him.Once you have got used to it, you will like it.I waited till he had finished his work.注意：（1）when, as, whilewhen即可引导持续性动作，又可 引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的 动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句 的动作发生在主句动作之前。如：a s 引 导 持 续 性 动 作 ， 侧 重 主 句 和 从 句 的 动 作 同 时 发 生 。H e h u r r i e d h o m e , l
3、 o o k i n g b e h i n d a s h e w e n t.I s a w y o u r s i s t e r a s s h e w a s g e t t i n g o n t h e b u s y e s t e r d a y .H e s a n g a s h e w a l k e d .as引导持续性动作，侧重主句和从 句的动作同时发生。He hurried home, looking behind as he went.He sang as he walked.While：指的是“在某一时间 里”， “在期间”，从句 里的动作必须是持续性的， 它
4、也强调主句和从句动作的 同时发生，往往侧重主句和 从句动作的对比。如：While he was in London, he studied music.While we were watching TV, he was writing a composition.while也可做并列连词，表示对照的 含义，意思为“然而”。如：He is tall while his brother is short.当when, as, while表示“在一段时 间里”，主从句的动作同时发生时，可 以换用。如：While (When或As) we were discussing, Mr. Smith came
5、 in.（2）如果when和before引导的从 句位于主句之后，有时不能译成“当 时候” 和“在之前”，而要译成“ 就”、“才”、“这时”等。如：The struggle lasted four years before the North won in the end.He almost knocked me down before he saw me.I was walking in the street when I saw him.(4) till和until如果主句谓语动词是 持续动词，通常用肯定式的 主句，表示“直到为止”。 如：I worked till (until) he
6、came back. 如果主句谓语动词是瞬 间动词，则用否定式的主句表示 “直到才，如：I didnt go to bed until (till) he came back 放在句首表示强调时 一般用until。如：Until he returns, nothing can be done.注意：Not until his mother called did he get up.(不倒装为e didnt get up until his mother called.)(5) 用no sooner than 和 hardlywhen 引导的从句表 示“刚就”，主句中 的动词一般用过去完成时，
7、从句用过去时若把no sooner, hardly 提到句首， 主句倒装例如： lHe had no sooner got to the lab than he started to do the experiment.l该句倒装为：lNo sooner had he got to the lab than he started to do the experiment.（5）时间状语从句中谓语动词不能用任何一种将来时，只能用现在时和过去时表示将来时。2、地点状语从句:通常由连词where和wherever等引导。 如：Go back where you came from.Wherever
8、you go, you must tell your parents.Where there is a will, there is a way.Where there is too much rubbish, the poison may do great harm to our health.注意：不要和where引导的定语从 句相混淆例如：lWe shall go where working conditions are difficult.l We shall go to the place where working conditions are difficult.3、原因状语从句
9、:通常由连词：because, as, since, now that引导。区别是: because：表示“因为”，直接而明确的原因和理由，语气最强，why提问的句子，一般都用because回答。He didnt come because he was ill.注意： 在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since，如：It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us. because可以引导表语从句，而 as, since不可以.Its because he is too lazy.since：表示“既然”，语
10、气比because弱 。Since you are here, you must do it.as：表示“因为”语气比since还弱，引导从句可放主句前也可放主句后。 You neednt go with me, as you are busy.now that意思与since相似，表示“既然” 。Now that all the guests have arrived, lets have our dinner. for也表示“因为”，但是并列 连词，它连接的不是状语从句， 语气比较强。只是提供一些补充 说明，且不位于句首 It must be morning,for the birds a
11、re singing.4、目的状语从句:通常由 so that, in order that, sothat, in case（以防、免得），for fear that(以免） 等引导：He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.She married him so that she might look after him.I explained again and again in case he should misunderstand me.in case, for fear that后面常用虚拟语气 ，也就是说
12、其引导的状语从句常用 “(should) + 动词原形” 。 例如：I hid the book for fear thathe should see it.目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情态动词。5、结果状语从句: 由 so that, sothat, suchthat引导：The wind was very hard, so that I fell down.It was very cold, so that the river froze.There were so many people (=such a lot
13、 of people) in the room that we could not get in.He made such an excellent speech that every one admired him.注意：so that 既可引导目的状语从句， 又可引导结果状语从句，其区别在于：引 导结果状语从句时通常用逗号同主句分开 ,在目的状语从句中常常要有may,might ,should,can,could等情态动词。lHe made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.(结果状语从 句) lThey s
14、tarted early so that they might arrive in time.(目的状语从句)6、条件状语从句:由 if, unless, as long as (=so long as) (只要), in case (that) (如果，万 一),suppose (that), supposing (that), (在的情况下,假定), on condition that, provided that, providing that等引导：例如：lI shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before e
15、ight.lYou may go swimming on condition that you dont swim too far away from the river bank.lAs long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed.lSuppose that I dont have a day off, what shall we do?lIn case John comes, please tell him to wait.注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态不可用将来时，只能用现在时态或过去时态表示将来时。7、方式状语从句:由连
16、词：as, as if, as though引导：The teacher told the students to do as he did.He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing.I saw the man looking about him as though he was looking for something.as if和as though意义和用法大致一 样，引导的从句多用虚拟语气，但也 可用陈述语气。He treats me as if I were his son.He walked as if he were drunk. 8、比较状语从句:由连词asas, not so(as) as, than等引导：I hope it was as go
