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1、1Lost civilizations 阅读教学设计阅读教学设计侯婕 2012.06摘要：摘要：指导学生接受、处理、记忆和运用课文信息。根据符合教学目标的任务， 发挥学生在阅读教学中的主体作用，提高学生的语篇分析能力。关键词：关键词：课文教学，信息转换手段，任务，语篇 高中英语阅读课文具有题材广泛、体裁各样、语言知识丰富等特征，是各 单元教学的核心部分，也是培养学生阅读能力的主要渠道。然而，传统的阅读 课教学模式常常是单一的自下而上模式，教学方式只是把课文作为单纯向学生 传授语法及语言知识的载体，忽视了培养学生的阅读速度和理解能力；传统的 阅读理解提问方式也常常停留在对所阅读文章的表层理解层次
2、上。那么，如何 借助这些课文来提高学生的阅读速度、阅读理解能力和语言水平呢？经过教学 实践和不断尝试，笔者发现：不同阅读活动阶段，必须采用不同阅读理解模式 以求不同阅读教学目标的实现。下面以Lost civilizations阅读课为例对这一问题进 行探析。Teaching Aims1. Read the text “Lost civilizations”. Train the Ss reading ability.2. How to use model verbs.一、阅读任务的基本原则 在设计阅读任务的时候，教师可以根据课文标题设计任务，引导学生对课 文内容进行预测；阅读中的任务设计应紧扣
3、中心思想，关注主要信息，不苛求 对字句的理解；阅读后的任务要有利于培养学生的语言输出能力。依据这一思 路，课文阅读教学可以分为以下三个主要部分：阅读前任务 （Pre-reading tasks）导入话题 (Get ready)激活背景知识，导入新 课，根据课文标题预测 课文的主要内容和框架 结构关注主要信息 （Focus on main points）进行信息转换，梳理和 简化课文主要内容，便 于学生理解、记忆和口 头输出。阅读中任务（While- reading tasks）语篇分析 (Discourse analysis ）对阅读材料的描写手段、 叙事方式、逻辑结构以 及衔接手段进行分析。
4、阅读后的任务（Post- reading tasks）评价 （Respond to the text）整合阅读材料和已有知 识结构，突破固有的思 维模式，构建新理念，2提出新观点。二、阅读前的任务设计(Get ready) 基础的阅读教学，教师应监督并检查学生的词汇掌握，以为学生阅读的进 一步提高阅读能力奠定条件。善于引入文章的话题，巧妙的设计任务，激活背景知识，让学生对阅读材 料产生兴趣，引导他们预测阅读文章的主要内容和篇章结构。New words mastery in this text .Do part D1 on page 44 . D1 Look at these new words
5、 from the diary entries and match them with their definition . Guess the meanings from the context if you do not know the answer.1 lecture (line 7 ) _ a take control of 2 found (line 7) _ b a talk given to a group of people to teach them about a subject 3 take over (line 8 ) _ c a mixture of water a
6、nd dirt 4 mud (line 20 ) _ d make something look more attractive by putting things on 5 decorate(line 21 ) _ e an organization that has a special purpose , such as for education 6 wealthy (line 31) _ f the things that clothes are made of 7 institute( line36) _ g took control of 8 material( line39 )
7、_ h richAnswers: b g a c h d e f Get ready for the reading （Pre-reading tasks）We all know that it is important to protect cultural heritage .Today lets go down to the old cities Pompeii and Loulan . From the travel diary kept by Ann on a cultural expedition to sites of lost civilization . What can w
8、e find ? Explain the titleLost civilizations in your own words .三、阅读中的任务设计（While-reading tasks） 阅读的主要目的是从篇章中获取信息。教师应善于利用信息转换手段，设 计有效的任务和活动。 a)关注主要信息教师可以设计一些预测课文内容的任务，鼓励学生灵活运用 Skimming 和 Scanning 等阅读策略，迅速捕捉文章中的主要信息或事实，并验证阅读之前作 出的预测。3（1）验证预测在阅读前，学生对阅读材料的内容和结构做出了预测。 （2）归纳主题思想 归纳主题思想是文章的核心内容。归纳主题思想是一项十分
9、重要的阅 读技能，它体现了学生总结和概括能力。 b)语篇分析 语篇分析的基本内容包括：语法衔接手段（如照应、替代、省略等） 、词汇 衔接手段（如复现关系、同现关系） 、语义关联、句际关系（如并列、因果等） 以及篇章结构等。Prevision checking .Questions: Part A on page 42 A Read the following diary entries quickly and answer these question . 1 Where are Pompeii and Loulan ? 2 What is one main similiarity betwe
10、en the two cities ? 3 What was Loulan buried beneath ?Answers:Pompeii is in Italy and Loulan is in China .Both of them became lost civilizations long ago .Loulan was buried beneath the sand . Reading (Focus on main points)Read the text quickly and answer the questions in part C1 on page 44 : How wel
11、l did you understand the details in the diary ? Read it again carefully and answer the following questions .1、 What happened to Pompeii in August AD 79 ? 2、 How was Pompeii discovered ? 3、 What were the stepping stones along the road in the Pompeii used for ? 4、 Why was Loulan an important city abou
12、t 2000 years ago ? 5、 According to the last sentence , hoe did the author feel about the loss of Loulan ?Answers : 1.A volcano erupted and lava , ash and rocks poured out of it on to the surrounding countryside . Many people in Pompeii were buried alive , and so was the city . 2.It was discovered in
13、 the 18th century when a farmer found a stone with writing on it . People started to dig in the area for treasure , which caused much damage . Thus , in 1860 , the area was put under government protection so it could be prevented and studied . 3.With these stones , people did not have to step in the
14、 mud on rainy days . 4.Because it was a stopping point on the famous Silk Road between the East and the West . 5.She felt that it was a pity . Careful-reading (Discourse analysis )4Do part C 2 on page 44 . C2 Record the felling and opinions(emotions)s sentences expression . 1、I feel lucky to have wo
15、n a place on this trip . (line 2 ) E/A 2、This morning we went to a lecture about Pompeii . (line 7 ) E/A 3、Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive , and so was the city ! ( lines 11-12 ) E/A 4、How amazing ! ( lines 14-15 ) E/A 5、People started to dig in the area for treasure . ( lines 16- 17 ) E/A 6、When I walked around the city ,I saw streets just as they had been .( line 19 ) E/A 7I am so excited to be here (lines33-34)
