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1、虚拟语气 The Subjunctive Mood 英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气， 祈使语气，虚拟语气。一、 陈述语气 用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法。有 肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。There are two sides to every question. They didnt watch fireworks yesterday evening.What can I do for you ?例如: Shall I turn on the radio? How disappointed Tom was ! What lovely flowers those are!二、 祈使语气用来表示
2、说话人的请求，命令或劝告等。 动词要用原形，其否定式在动词前加do not.Let me have a try. Dont be late again. Dont say it in Chinese. Say it in English. Lets go and play basketball.三 虚拟语气 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是 一种与事实相反的假设，愿望，猜测 或建议等等。三 虚拟语气 （一）在条件句中的用法 1 与现在事实相反条件状语从句谓语主句谓语动词过去式Should/would/ could /might +动词原形例如: If I had time now, we sh
3、ould read it again. If she knew about it, she would come. If he were here, everything would be all right.If I _you , I wouldnt return the call.A. be B. am C. was D. were Test yourselfTest yourselfD D2 与过去事实相反条件状语从句谓 语主句谓语had +过去分词should/would/could/ might +have +过去分词例如: If he had seen you yesterday,
4、 he would have asked you about it. If I had had the money last year, I would have bought a car. If they had known her address, they would have written to her.TEST YOURSELFTEST YOURSELFEX1. If I _more time, I would have gone with you.A. had B. had had C. Have had D. would have EX2. If I had known tha
5、t, I _ so .A. wouldnt do B. wouldnt have done C. Wont do D. have not done BB3 与将来事实相反条件状语从句谓语主句谓语动词过去式Should/would/co uld/might + V原 形Should +V 原形were to +V原形例如: If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go to see my friends there.If she should come, I should ask her for help.If you were to fail to catch
6、the train, you might take the bus.1. If it_ tomorrow, what would we do?A. rains B. Were to rain C. would rain D. rain 2. If it should rain, I _go there tomorrow.A. will B. Would not C. wont D. Would not have Test Test BB补充1.Without (没有),but for(要不是 ), otherwise(否则), 这些词可以表示某种假设情况,从而省略条 件句. I was bus
7、y last week, otherwiseotherwise I wouldwould havehave comecome to see you. = I was busy last week, if I hadhad notnot beenbeen busy last week, I wouldwould havehave comecome to see you 1. 1. WithoutWithout electricity, human life_ quite different today.A. is B. Will be C. would have been D. would be
8、 If there were no electricity,2. But forBut for the Party, he _of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would dieC. must die D. must have died If there hadnt been the Party, he.DA3. I was busy yesterday, otherwise otherwise I _your birthday party.A. Attended B. have attended C. Would attend D.
9、would have attendedIf I hadnt been busy, I D补充2.错综时间条件句 主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件 从句谓语动词所表示的动作并不是 同时发生,这时动词的形式并不完 全按照上述表格形式进行,而需要 按照各自的时间来调整,这样的句 子就叫错综时间条件句.例如1: If you had followed the doctors advice (then), you would bewould be all right nownow. 如果你那时听了医生的话,你现在现在就好了. (主句与从句发生的时间不同,应按照主句与 从句各自的时间做调整.) If you
10、 had followed the doctors advice, you wouldwould havehave beenbeen all right thenthen. 如果你那时听了医生的话,你那时那时就好了. (主句与从句发生的时间同时.)例如2: If you had watered them more ,the crops wouldwould bebe growinggrowing still better. 如果你再给庄稼多浇些水,他们会长得更 好.(指现在长得更好.) If you had watered them more, the crops wouldwould hav
11、ehave growngrown still better. (表示对过去的虚拟) 如果你早就给庄稼多浇些水,他们就会长 得更好例如3如果到现在我还没有写完作文,我明天就还得写它 . (从句表示与过去事实相反,主句表示与将来事 实相反.) If I hadnthadnt finishedfinished my composition by now, I wouldwould bebe workingworking on it tomorrow. 如果他昨天把功课都准备好的话,他现在就不会 这么困难. If he hadhad preparedprepared well for his less
12、ons yesterday, he wouldntwouldnt havehave so many difficulties nownow.1. If you were older (对现在进行虚拟 ), I _ you to go there yesterday(对过去进行虚拟).A.Will allow B. should allow C. Would have allowed D. had allowed C补充三:倒装形式表示虚拟条件句 从句中有were ,had ,should或would等词语, 可以将if省略,同时were ,had ,should或would 提至句首,构成倒装
13、.表示虚拟条件 (1) If I shouldshould meetmeet her, I wouldwould telltell her. =shouldshould I meetmeet her, I would tell her.(万一) (2) If I werewere in your position, I wouldwould dodo it better. =werewere I in your position, I would do it better.(3). If they hadhad mademade preparations, they wouldwould ha
14、vehave succeededsucceeded. = HadHad they made preparations, they would have succeeded.1._, I would take an umbrella with me.A. Had I been youB. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you C( 二)在动词wish后面的宾语从句中，表示不 可能实现的愿望，其动词形式有三种 1 表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用 过去式。 I wish I had time to read. I wish I knew her
15、address.2 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，或表示已经 发生的一件遗憾事，谓语动词用“had +动 词过去分词”。 I wish I had studied very hard. He wishes he hadnt spent so much money.3 表示将来难以实现的或很可能相反的愿望 ，谓语动词用“would/could/might+would/could/might+动词原动词原 形形”。 I wish he would be more careful. I wish he would do the job better. She wishes I would go with her.1. I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night.A. was B. were C. Had been D. should be 2. How I wish I _
