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1、GMATGMAT 阅读模拟练习题阅读模拟练习题在准备 gmat 考试的时候，我们还会经常用到的资料就是往年的真题了。我 们常常通过大量的做真题去考察出题人的思路，这是喜闻乐见的事情。考生们 在复习 GMAT 阅读的时候用到的比较多，但是经常做阅读真题后我们也需要找一 些和真题难度非常类似的模拟题做，以便检验我们的水平。Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities-as well as new and significant risks. C
2、ivil rights activists have long argued that one of (5) the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are gener- ated by large companies. Now Congress, in
3、appar- (10) ent agreement, has required by law that businesses awarded federal contracts of more than $500,000 do their best to find minority subcontractors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with the government. Indeed, some federal and local agen- (15) cies have gone so far as to set
4、 specific percentage goals for apportioning parts of public works con- tracts to minority enterprises.Corporate response appears to have been sub- stantial. According to figures collected in 1977, (20) the total of corporate contracts with minority busi- nesses rose from $77 million in 1972 to $1. l
5、billion in 1977. The projected total of corporate contracts with minority businesses for the early 1980 s is estimated to be over 53 billion per year with no (25) letup anticipated in the next decade.Promising as it is for minority businesses, this increased patronage poses dangers for them, too. Fi
6、rst, minority firms risk expanding too fast and overextending themselves financially, since most (30) are small concerns and, unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, the
7、re- after, their subcontracts are for some reason (35) reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses. The world of corporate purchasing can be frustrating for small entrepreneurs who get requests for elaborate formal estimates and bids. Both consume valuable time and resources, a
8、nd a (40) small company s efforts must soon result in orders, or both the morale and the financial health of the business will suffer.A second risk is that White-owned companies may seek to cash in on the increasing apportion- (45) ments through formation of joint ventures with minority-owned concer
9、ns. Of course, in many instances there are legitimate reasons for joint ventures; clearly, White and minority enterprises can team up to acquire business that neither could (50) acquire alone. But civil rights groups and minority business owners have complained to Congress about minorities being set
10、 up as “fronts” with White back- ing, rather than being accepted as full partners in legitimate joint ventures.Third, a minority enterprise that secures the business of one large corporate customer often run the danger of becoming-and remaining-dependent.Even in the best of circumstances, fierce com
11、pe- tition from larger, more established companies (60) makes it difficult for small concerns to broaden their customer bases: when such firms have nearly guaranteed orders from a single corporate bene- factor, they may truly have to struggle against complacency arising from their current success.1.
12、 The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) present a commonplace idea and its inaccuracies(B) describe a situation and its potential drawbacks(C) propose a temporary solution to a problem(D) analyze a frequent source of disagreement(E) explore the implications of a finding2. The passage supplies i
13、nformation that would answer which of the following questions?(A) What federal agencies have set percentage goals for the use of minority-owned businesses in public works contracts?(B) To which government agencies must businesses awarded federal contracts report their efforts to find minority subcon
14、tractors?(C) How widespread is the use of minority-owned concerns as “fronts” by White backers seeking to obtain subcontracts?(D) How many more minority-owned businesses werethere in 1977 than in 1972? (E) What is one set of conditions under which a small business might find itself financially over-
15、 extended?3. According to the passage, civil rights activists maintain that one disadvantage under which minority- owned businesses have traditionally had to labor is that they have(A) been especially vulnerable to governmental mismanagement of the economy(B) been denied bank loans at rates comparab
16、le to those afforded larger competitors(C) not had sufficient opportunity to secure business created by large corporations(D) not been able to advertise in those media that reach large numbers of potential customers(E) not had adequate representation in the centers of government power4. The passage suggests that the failure of a large business to have its bids for subcontracts result quickly in orders might cause it to(A) experience frus
