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1、The TranslationThe Translation 英语英语句子的基本结构句子的基本结构 英语句子的两大修辞成分:定语成分和状语成分.并且往往是定语和状语成 分的出现使得句子的结构错综复杂. 定语定语成分成分 英文中定语成分是用来修饰句子中名词或名词性结构的.可以是前置定语放 在被修饰对象面前,也可以是后置定语放在被修饰对象之后,还可以是以一个句 子的成分形式出现.若被修饰名词和分词的行为动作成被动关系,则用过去分词 作定语结构;若被修饰名词和分词的行为动作成主动关系,则用现在分词作定于 结构,而且定语成分在句子中可出现在任何含有名词或名词性结构的前后,常见 的英文定语成分有以下四种
2、情况: 形容词形容词定语定语 The external and internal criticism 业外人士和业内人士的评论. 分词分词定语定语 These sudden, devastating waves 这些突发的,灾难的海浪.(前置分词) There is nothing interesting 没有有趣的东西. (后置分词) The good life is one inspired by love 优质的生活由爱激发. 介词介词短语短语及及不定不定式式 The teacher spoke so slowly that everyone in the class could fol
3、low. 老师说得很慢,因此课堂上每一位同学都能跟得上. The meeting to be held next Monday will be important. 将于下周一举行的会议非常重要. 定语定语从句从句 The package you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快开了. for those goods and services that they want most. 为了得到那些他们最想要的产品和服务. 状语状语成分成分 状语成分是含义较为广泛的语言成分.语言中的行为动作所发生的时间,地点,目 的,结果等都是状语结构
4、,可以去修饰除名词外的一个行为动作,一个形容词或一 个介词短语等,大多数情况下,状语结构是用来修饰整个句子的.常见的状语成分 的表现形式有： 副词副词状语状语 That boy is seriously ill. 那个男孩病得很严重. 介词介词短语状语短语状语 The grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. 一种语言的语法模式对于一个社会文化来说能够产生深远的影响. 不定式不定式目的状语目的状语 To celebrate the
5、10th anniversary of our company and to promote further development of our business, we have decided to make a new homepage for our company. 为了庆祝我公司成立十周年,并且为了进一步拓展业务,我们已经决定为公司 制作一个新的网站. He learns English to go abroad. 他学习英语是为了出国. 分词分词伴随状语伴随状语 The man rose from the ground, beating the dust off his clo
6、thes. 这个人从地上站起来,掸掉衣服上的灰尘. Read the directions carefully and act as instructed. 仔细阅读使用说明,并按要求去做. 独立主格独立主格结构结构 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 如果天气允许,我们打算明天去看你. The football match (being) over, crowds of people poured out into the street. 足球赛一结束,人群便涌到大街上. The strike having been
7、 called off, the workers returned to the factory. 罢工已经取消,工人们返回了工厂.(The strike和call off是被动关系;用完成时态 强调 call off 发生在 return 之前) With the door open, he left the classroom. 他打开门,走出了教室. He felt uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班都盯着他,这让他感到很不安. 状语状语从句从句 Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may
8、remain. 伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了. I have revised the draft of the agreement as you demand. 按照你的要求,我已经修改好了协议的草稿. He failed to arrive at the airport punctually in that he had suffered a terrible traffic jam. 由于他遭遇了严重的堵车,他没能准时到达机场. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose t
9、he things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us. 虽然我们可以自夸自己敏锐的鉴赏力,但我们已经不能自主选择自己所需的 东西了,因为广告对我们施加了微妙的影响. 英语英语句子句子三种三种从句类型从句类型 名词性名词性从句从句 Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up. 我们是否发现一个笑话可笑很大程度上取决于我们是哪里长大的.(前面是主 语从句,后面是宾语从句) They reache
10、d a merger agreement on the understanding that both parties would be committed to expanding the market share of the company in Europe. 他们达成了合并协议:条件是双方共同致力于扩大公司在欧洲的市场份额.(同 位语从句) The order came to us that all people should evacuate the village. 我们接到命令:所有人撤离村子.(同位语从句) How well the predictions will be v
11、alidated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used. 这些预测将如何更好的被后来的表现所证实是有效的,取决于所使用的信息 的数量,可靠性和恰当性. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, character and behavior is central to this theory. 如果我们的环境同我们的能力,性格特点
12、和行为有一些联系的话,那也是微不 足道的,这是这一理论的核心. The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. 给市场人士提供更多的交流选择的这种显著的技术变革也同时增加了
13、风险: 激动的消费者们会以更快,更明显的和更具破坏力的方式吐露他们的意见. However, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. 在贫穷国家为了促进经济的快速发展,教育应该是最优先考虑之一,然而这个 传统的观点是错的.(先翻从句,再翻主句) 定语定语从句从句 The study of mind remained the provin
14、ce of philosophy until the nineteenth century when experimental psychology developed and when Wilhelm Wundt and his students initiated laboratory methods for studying mental operations more systematically. 到了十九世纪,实验心理学得到发展,威廉冯特和他的学生们开始用实验的方 法更加系统地研究心理活动,然而在此之前,对于人类思想意识的研究一直局 限于哲学的范畴.(状译法要判断句子逻辑关系,此处
15、转折) The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. 美国的经济体系基本上是围绕着一个私有企业和以市场为向导的经济而组织 的,在这
16、个体系中,消费者们通过在市场消费获得他们最想要的产品和服务,这 在很大程度上决定应当生产什么.(分译法) The local government introduced the snakes into this area hoping that they would control the number of mice, which finally became the threat needed to be controlled. 当地政府在这个地区引入这些蛇是希望他们可以控制大量的老鼠,然而最终 这些蛇成为了需要去控制的威胁.(状译法要判断句子逻辑关系,此处转折) I promise to send all the books needed for your English exam to the students who could follow my inst
