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1、In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, takentogether, comprise the whole vocabulary.First, there are those words 1 which webecome acquainted in daily conversation, which we 2 ,that is to say, from the 3 ofour own family and from our familiar associates, and 4 we sho
2、uld know and use 5 wecould not read or write.They 6 the common things of life, and are the stock in tradeof all who 7 the language.Such words may be called“popular”, since they belongto the people 8 and are not the exclusive 9 of a limited class.On the other hand,our language 10 a multitude of words
3、 which are comparatively 11 used in ordinaryconversation.Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little12 to use them at home or in the market-place.Our 13 acquaintance with them comesnot from our mothers 14 or from the talk of our school-mates, 15 from books thatwe read, lec
4、tures that we 16 ,or the more 17 conversation of highly educated speakerswho are discussing some particular 18 in a style appropriately elevated above thehabitual 19 of everyday life.Such words are called“learned”, and the 20 betweenthem and the“popular”words is of great importance to a right unders
5、tanding oflinguistic process. 1. A.at B.with C.by D.through2. A.study B.imitate C.stimulate D.learn3. A.mates B.relatives C.members D.fellows4. A.which B.that C.those D.ones5. A.even B.despite C.even if D.in spite of6. A.mind B.concern C.care D.involve7. A.hire B.apply C.adopt D.use8. A.in public B.
6、at most C.at large D.at best9. A.right B.privilege C.share D.possession10. A.consists B.comprises C.constitutes D.composes11. A.seldom B.much C.never D.often12. A.prospect B.way C.reason D.necessity13. A.primary B.first C.principal D.prior14. A.tips B.mouth C.lips D.tongue15. A.besides B.and C.or D.
7、but16. A.hear of B.attend C.hearfrom D.listen17. A.former B.formula C.formal D.formative18. A.theme B.topic C.idea D.point19. A.border B.link C.degree D.extent20. A.diversion B.distinction C.diversity D.similarity答案解析:1.【答案】B【解析】本句中由 with which 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 those words。短语 becomeacquainted with sb./
8、sth.意为“认识某人，了解某事。”2.【答案】D【解析】imitate 意为“模仿”，stimulate 意为“刺激，激发”。study 和 learn 都有“学习”的意思，study 着重研究，而 learn 指一般性的学习，故选 D。3.【答案】C【解析】mate 意为“伙伴，同事”，可组成复合名词，如：classmate 同学，roommate 同房间的人。relative 意为“亲戚”，member 意为“成员”，family member 意为“家庭成员”，fellow 意为“伙伴，家伙”。4.【答案】A【解析】which 引导非限制性定语从句，和前面的定语从句并列，修饰先行词 t
9、hose words,关系代词 that 只能在限制性定语从句中代替 which。5.【答案】C【解析】even if 在这里引导条件状语从句。Even 是副词，不能引导状语从句。In spite of和 despite 表示“尽管”，为介词词组或介词，也不能引导状语从句。6.【答案】B【解析】本句的意思是“它们涉及生活中的一般性事情，是所有使用这种语言的人惯用的语言材料。Concern 意为“涉及”,mind 和 care 表示“介意，计较”，relate 表示“讲述、叙述”。7.【答案】D【解析】use 意为“使用”，apply 意为“运用”，hire 意为“雇用”，adopt 意为“采纳
10、”。8.【答案】C【解析】at large 意为“普遍的、一般的”，in public 意为“公开地、当众”，at most 意为“至多、不超过”，at best 意为“充其量、至多”。9.【答案】C【解析】share 意为“份额、共享”。right 和 privilege 意为“权利、特权”，在本句不符合题意。possession 意为“拥有、占有”，通常指拥有财物。10.【答案】B【解析】comprise“包含、包括、由组成”。compose 常用于被动结构 be composed of表示“由组成”。consist 是不及物动词，必须和 of 组成短语动词表示“由组成”，constitu
11、te 意为“构成”。11.【答案】A【解析】seldom 意为“不经常、很少”。12.【答案】D【解析】prospect 意为“前景”；way“方式”；reason“理由”；necessity“必要性”。本句只有 necessity 符合句意。13.【答案】B【解析】本句意为“我们最初既不是从母亲嘴里，也不是从同学那里了解这些单词的”first“第一、首先”；primary“基本的、原始的”；prior“优先的、在先的”；principal“主要的、首要的”。14.【答案】C【解析】learn sth from one s lips 是固定搭配，表示“从某人嘴里得知”。15.【答案】D【解析】
12、but 在这里表示转折的含义。16.【答案】B【解析】attend a lecture“参加一个讲座”。17.【答案】C【解析】formal“正式的”；former“以前的”；formula“公式、方程”；formative“形成的”。18.【答案】B【解析】topic“话题”；theme“主题”；point“要点”。本句指讨论的话题，故选 topic。19.【答案】D【解析】degree 和 extent 均可表示程度，但 extent 还可表示“范围”。本句意为：讨论问题的方式超越了日常生活的范围，所以选 extent。Border 边界，link 连接。20.【答案】B【解析】diversion“转移、转向”；distinction“差别”；diversity“多样性、变化”；similary“相似之处”。本句意为：学术性词语和大众化词语之间的差别，故选 distinction。
