《采矿工程英语2 （26页）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《采矿工程英语2 （26页）（26页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Unit 2 Surface Miningv2.1 Introduction一、重点专业词汇和词组：open pit 露天坑open cast 露天矿extraction 开采bench 平台 bermsstripping ratio 采剥比deposit 矿床erosive 腐蚀的depend on sth. 取决于be used to 被用来做bothand 两者都eitheror 或是或是be applied to 被应用于placer mining 淘洗采矿hydraulicking 水力采矿solution mining 溶浸采矿leaching 沥滤commercial mine
2、（产品）外销矿山for the duration 在整段时间内borehole mining 钻井采矿法be defined as 把什么定义为inadequate indikwit 不充分的、不适当的 、不足以overburden 表土 successive layers 相邻层 elevation 海拔高度 bench height 台阶高度 vertical distance 垂直距离 bench slope 平台边坡 pit limits 采坑境界 haul road 运输线路 pit slope stability 露天矿边坡稳定性 Formerly 以前、从前 topography
3、 tprfi 地形学；地志；地势 vwith few exceptions 极少例外vParadoxically ,prdksikli 反常、相矛盾的vMeet 满足vdesign parameters prmits 设计参 数vmore than 比更vFlexibility ,fleksibiliti 灵活性vtooto 太而不能vMineralization ,minrlaizein 矿化矿化作用vAbandoned bndnd 抛弃，放弃vOutweighed ,autwei 在之上，胜过vAlternative :lt:ntiv schemes ski:ms 备用方案vOutside
4、 超出，在之外vOutline 外形，轮廓vEvaluation i,vljuein 评估vMaximum mksimm 最大限度、最大量vgeometricdiumetrik parameters 几何参数 vmined back 回采vSimultaneously saimlteinisli 同时地 vSpecifications ,spesifikein 说明书；规格 vLateral ltrl 横向的vInfrastructures infr,strkt基础设施；下部构造；基本建设vUltimate ltimt 最终，最终的；极限的；根本的vmore or less 或多或少vArra
5、ngement 准备；布置；整理vangle of repose 安息角，休止角vReferred to as 被称为vSub-out crop 隐伏露头 vInclination ,inklinein 倾向，爱好；斜坡 vPercentage 百分率，百分数；百分比vZigzagging zizi 成之字形 二、复合难句v1、In open pit mining, a mechanical extraction method, a thick deposit is generally mined in benches or steps, although thin deposits may
6、require only a single bench or face.v在露天采矿（一种机械开采法）中，一个 厚的矿床通常都是按平台或台阶进行开采 的，尽管薄的矿床可能只需要一个简单的 平台或工作面。 v2、Hydraulicking utilizes a high- pressure stream of water that is directed against the mineral deposit (normally but not always a placer) , undercutting it , and causing its removal by the erosive
7、actions of the water. v水力开采利用一根高压水柱直接冲击矿床 （通常不总是砂矿），由于水的侵蚀作用 慢慢切割，进而引起移动剥落。v3、Dredging performed from floating vessels, accomplishes the extraction of the minerals mechanically or hydraulically.v从漂浮的船上“挖泥”，实现机械或水力的 矿物开采。4、Solution mining includes both borehole mining, such as the methods used to ext
8、ract sodium chloride or sulfur, and leaching, either through drill -holes or in dumps or heaps on the surface.v溶浸采矿包括井眼采矿（比如开采盐和硫 磺的方法）和浸滤采矿，或者通过钻孔或 者通过倾倒或地面堆浸的方法实现浸滤开 采。v5、An open pit mine is an excavation or cut made at the surface of the ground for the purpose of（为了目 的） extracting ore and which i
9、s open to the surface for the duration of the mines life.露天开采 是为了开采矿石而在地表进行的 一种挖掘或切割，它在采矿的整个过程中 都是露天开放的 v6、The selection of physical design parameters and the scheduling of the ore and waste extraction program are complex engineering decisions of enormous economic significance.物理设计参数的选择和矿石及废矿开采工 作的进
10、度计划是具有巨大经济意义的复杂 工程抉择v7、Among these are increasing production, a shift in emphasis from underground to surface mining , a decline in ore grade and quality of some crude materials , and , with few exceptions , an increase in productivity of laborv在这些因素中，属于产量增加的因素是：开 采重心由地下开采向露天开采的转变，一些 原矿矿石在等级和质量方面的下降
11、，以及， 少有例外的员工生产力的提高 v8、Paradoxically , productivity has increased even with declining grade and quality ,which is indicative of the rapid technological improvement taking place in open pit mining techniquesv相矛盾的是，甚至在矿石等级和质量下降的 情况下生产力一直在提高。这预示着露天采 矿技术的改进是显著的。 v9、This pattern of change has permitted pr
12、oduction from many formerly uneconomic mineral resources occurring near the surface at a time when higher-grade ores are inadequate to meet increasing demandv这样的技术革新允许人们在高品位矿石产 量不能满足人们日益增长的矿产品需求时 开采原来认为不经济的近地表的矿藏。 v10、The conclusions , although valid ，are sometimes outweighed by a new set of factors that arise from differences in the physical character of mineral deposits available for future exploitation and from changes in technology , markets , and public policyv总之，露天采矿虽然是很有效的，但有时也会因 为一些新产生的因素而被否定掉。这些因素是：
