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1、【英语英语】必修必修 1（人教版）（人教版）-定语从句（定语从句（I） 12012.09定语从句（定语从句（1）概念引入：概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词 who 在从句中作主语This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。Give me the book whose cover is
2、green. 把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。语法点拨语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一高清课堂：定语从句一 P1P1】 ，定语从句的定义定语从句的定义 Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good. 他前天买的那本书很棒。He is the man whom we should learn from. 他就是我们应该学习的人。Her friend whose home is very far came to
3、see her. 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。 其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。定语从句：定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。先行词：先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。例如：关系词：关系词：关系代词 who, whom, which, that 是用来引导定语从句的连接词。这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分, 如主语、宾语或表语。例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football. （who 代替先行词 students
4、 在从句中充当主语）There is still much homework which we must finish. （which 代替先行词 homework 在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1. who 和和 whom 代表人代表人, 当先行词在从句中做主语时用当先行词在从句中做主语时用 who，做宾语的，做宾语的时候用时候用 whom。【英语英语】必修必修 1（人教版）（人教版）-定语从句（定语从句（I） l22012.092012.09The girl who is singing is my best friend. 正在唱歌的女孩是我最好的朋友。H
5、is father who works as a doctor is very interesting. 他那当医生的父亲很有趣。I have to find the boy whom I saw yesterday. 我得找到昨天见的那个男孩。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 正跟我父亲握手的那个人是一个警察。Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who/ that 在从句中做主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw
6、 yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。 （whom/ that 在从句中作宾语）He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。God helps those who help themselves. 自助者，上帝也助之。关系代词在从句中做主语时，根据先行词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。关系代词在从句中做主语时，根据先行词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。She is the only one who knows the secret. 她是唯一知道这个秘密的人。She is one of the teachers who know the sec
7、ret. 她是知道这个秘密的老师之一。2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。whom 作宾语时，作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公交车上谈论的那个人。Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 凌先生就是我想见的那个男孩。注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。The
8、 man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。This is the girl with whom he worked. (whom 不能省略)This is the girl whom he worked with. (whom 可以省略)这就是同他一起工作的女孩。【英语英语】必修必修 1（人教版）（人教版）-定语从句（定语从句（I） 32012.093. which 代表事物，先行词在从句中做主语或宾语的时候，我们就用代表事物，先行词在从句中做主语或宾语的时候，我们就用 which。They had a radio
9、which could send out messages. 他们有一个能发出信息的收音机。He told us a story which made everyone laugh. 他讲了一个让我们人人发笑的故事。 Where is the car which you bought last month? 你上个月买的车在哪儿呢？The package (which/ that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语）4. that 指人时，相当于指人时，相当于 who 或者或者 w
10、hom；指物时，相当于；指物时，相当于 which。that 在定在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises by one million. 来这个城市参观的人数每年增加一百万。Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 我今天上午看见的那个人在哪儿？5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。whose 是
11、关系代词，是关系代词，只用作定语只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同若指物，它还可以同 of which 互换。互换。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有个父亲是医生的朋友。I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在一个屋顶塌陷的房子里。They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替：指物时，常用以下结构来代替：The classroom
12、whose door (the door of which) is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那间教室很快就会被修好。Do you like the book whose cover (the cover of which) is yellow? 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书吗？【英语英语】必修必修 1（人教版）（人教版）-定语从句（定语从句（I） l42012.092012.09下面三种情况必须用下面三种情况必须用 that 作为连接词。作为连接词。1. 看先行词是什么东西。当先行词是看先行词是什么东西。当先行词是 all, anything, noth
13、ing, everything, none, much, little, few, the one 等不定代词时；当先行词既有人又有物时。等不定代词时；当先行词既有人又有物时。He did everything that he could to save the patient. 他做了能做的一切来挽救这个病人。I mean the one that was sold yesterday. 我的意思是说昨天被卖掉的那个。Theres nothing in the world that can defeat him. 这世界上没有能打败他的东西。All that I want is peace
14、and quiet. 我想要的一切就是和平宁静。Look at the girl and her dog that are crossing the street. 快看正在过街的小姑娘和她的小狗。All that glitters is not gold. 并不是所有发光的东西都是金子。2. 看先行词被什么修饰。当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；当看先行词被什么修饰。当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；当先行词被先行词被 all, any, every, no, only, very, last, next, one of 等词所修饰时。等词所修饰时。The first lesson
15、that they learned is the most difficult of all. 他们学的第一课是最难的一课。This is the most interesting book that Ive ever read. 这是我读过的最有意思的一本书。This is the very book that Im interested in. 这正是我感兴趣的那本书。The only thing that we could do was to wait. 我们能做的唯一的事情就是等待。You can take any seat that is free. 你可以坐任何一个空座。I hav
16、e read all the books (that) you gave me. 我已经读完了你给我的所有书。Weve still remember things and persons that appeared in the school. 我们还记起来发生在学校的一些人和事。3. 以以 which 开头的疑问句中。开头的疑问句中。Which is the car that killed the old lady? 要了老太太的命的是哪辆车？【英语英语】必修必修 1（人教版）（人教版）-定语从句（定语从句（I） 52012.09以下情况不能用以下情况不能用 that 作为先行词。作为先行词。1. 在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳给地球升温，这点对我们很重要。2. 从句中的介词提到关系词之前的时候。从句中的介词提到关系词之前的时候。He took the
