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1、智课网TOEFL备考资料新托福阅读备考资料托福阅读冲刺训练摘要： 托福阅读理解部分是新托福（TOEFL）考试重要部分，有3篇学术文章，每篇700字左右，每篇有12-14个问题，做题时间在60分钟左右，分数为30分。从题型来看，TOEFL阅读的特点是题量大，涉及的词汇托福 阅读理解部分是 新托福 （ TOEFL ）考试重要部分，有3篇学术文章，每篇700字左右，每篇有12-14个问题，做题时间在60分钟左右，分数为30分。从题型来看，TOEFL阅读的特点是题量大，涉及的词汇面广。要想考好阅读，不光凭扎实的英语基础，而且还讲求做题策略。托福考生在考前有必要进行针对性的冲刺练习。第六篇Paragra
2、ph 1 ： Petroleum, consisting of crude oil and natural gas, seems to originate from organic matter in marine sediment. Microscopic organisms settle to the seafloor and accumulate in marine mud. The organic matter may partially decompose, using up the dissolved oxygen in the sediment. As soon as the o
3、xygen is gone, decay stops and the remaining organic matter is preserved.1. The word “accumulate” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. grow up B. build up C. spread out D. break apart2 According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true about petroleum formation?A. Microscopic organisms th
4、at live in mud produce crude oil and natural gas.B. Large amounts of oxygen are needed for petroleum formation to begin.C. Petroleum is produced when organic material in sediments combines with decaying marine organisms.D. Petroleum formation appears to begin in marine sediments where organic matter
5、 is present.Paragraph 12 ： Petroleum, consisting of crude oil and natural gas, seems to originate from organic matter in marine sediment. Microscopic organisms settle to the seafloor and in marine mud. The organic matter may partially decompose, using up the dissolved oxygen in the sediment. As soon
6、 as the oxygen is gone, decay stops and the remaining organic matter is preserved.Continued sedimentationthe process of deposits settling on the sea bottomburies the organic matter and subjects it to higher temperatures and pressures, which convert the organic matter to oil and gas. As muddy sedimen
7、ts are pressed together, the gas and small droplets of oil may be squeezed out of the mud and may move into sandy layers nearby. Over long periods of time (millions of years), accumulations of gas and oil can collect in the sandy layers. Both oil and gas are less dense than water, so they generally
8、tend to rise upward through water-saturated rock and sediment.3 In paragraphs 1 and 2, the authors primary purpose is toA. describe how petroleum is formedB. explain why petroleum formation is a slow processC. provide evidence that a marine environment is necessary for petroleum formationD. show tha
9、t oil commonly occurs in association with gas4 Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A. Higher temperatures and pressures promote sedi
10、mentation, which is responsible for petroleum formation.B. Deposits of sediments on top of organic matter increase the temperature of and pressure on the matter.C. Increase pressure and heat from the weight of the sediment turn the organic remains into petroleum.D. The remains of microscopic organis
11、ms transform into petroleum once they are buried under mud.Paragraph 3 ： Oil pools are valuable underground accumulations of oil, and oil fields are regions underlain by one or more oil pools. When an oil pool or field has been discovered, wells are drilled into the ground. Permanent towers, called
12、derricks, used to be built to handle the long sections of drilling pipe. Now-portable drilling machines are set up and are then dismantled and removed. When the well reaches a pool, oil usually rises up the well because of its density difference with water beneath it or because of the pressure of ex
13、panding gas trapped above it. Although this rise of oil is almost always carefully controlled today, spouts of oil, or gushers, were common in the past. Gas pressure gradually dies out, and oil is pumped from the well. Water or steam may be pumped down adjacent wells to help push the oil out. At a r
14、efinery, the crude oil from underground is separated into natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, and various oils. Petrochemicals such as dyes, fertilizer, and plastic are also manufactured from the petroleum.5 The word “adjacent” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. nearby B. existing C. special D.
15、deep6 Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about gushers?A. They make bringing the oil to the surface easier.B. They signal the presence of huge oil reserves.C. They waste more oil than they collect.D. They are unlikely to occur nowadays.Paragraph 4 ： As oil becomes increasingly d
16、ifficult to find, the search for it is extended into more-hostile environments. The development of the oil field on the North Slope of Alaska and the construction the Alaska pipeline are examples of the great expense and difficulty involved in new oil discoveries. Offshore drilling platforms extend the search for oil to the oceans continental shelvesthose gently sloping submarine regions at the edges of the continents. More than one-quarter of the worlds oil and almost one-fi
