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1、Chapter I The Renaissance Period一、学习目的和要求 通过本章学习，了解文艺复兴运动和人文主义思潮产生的历史，文化背景，认识该时 期文学创作的基本特征和基本主张，及其对同时代及后世英国文学乃至文化的影响；了解 该时期重要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构，人物刻画， 语言风格，思想意义等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品，了解其思想内容和写作特色，培 养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。二、考核要求(一) 文艺复兴时期概述1. 识记：（1）文艺复兴时期的界定（2）历史文化背景2. 领会: （1）文艺复兴运动的意义与影响（2）文艺复兴时期的文学特点（3）人文
2、主义的主张及对文学的影响3. 应用：文艺复兴，人文主义及玄学诗等名词的解释Brief Introduction to the Renaissance PeriodI. 应用 Definitions of the Literary Terms:1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from the medie val to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14 th Epithalamion (1595), a poem exp
3、ressing the deep personal feelings occasioned by the poets sec ond marriage; Amoretti (1595), a series of sonnets.3. 领会 His Influence 1) Main qualities of Spensers poetrya perfect melody a rare sense of beautya splendid imaginationa lofty moral purity it also reveals mans frustration in realizing th
4、e h igh aspirations in a hostile moral order. The last scene, in which Faustus c onfronts his doom, brilliantly renders the fear they are individuals representing certain types. Each character has his or h er own personalities; meanwhile, they may share features with others. The soliloquies in his p
5、lays fully reveal the inner conflict of his characters. Sha kespeare also portrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently use d to bring vividness to his characters. The women in the plays are vivid creations, each differing from the others. Shakespeare was fond of portraying “mocking wen
6、ches,“ such as Kat e of the Taming of the Shrew, Rosaline of Loves Labors Lost, instead, he borrows them from some old plays or storybooks, or from ancient Greek every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main Any mans death diminishes me, bec ause I am involved in mankind, it tolls for th
7、ee.“3. 领会 Characteristics of His Poems Donnes poetry is subtle, complex, then the grief is deepened by the sense of irrecoverable loss in the silencing of a young poet. With th is bitter sense of loss, Milton asks why the just the three unities of time, space regularity in construction should be adh
8、ered to the three nities of time, space reglarity in construction should b adhere d to, type characters聲 atherthan indi 聶 iduals should b 聥 represented.3. 识记 His major 職 orks1). The P 聡 pe of te LoCk A delightfl b 聵 rlesque of epic 耠oetry,it idi 聣 ules the manner 葳 of the English 耠 noilit.$Te em isb
9、asedn聥 aatal incide聮 an whch yo 葵 ng nobleman stole a lock of a ladys hair.2) An Essay on CriticismHis first important work, An Essay on Criticism was a long didactic poe m in heroic couplets. In this work, he reflected the neo-classical spirit of t he times by advocating good taste, common sense th
10、e book quickly turns into a geat ngvel of the open roee, a“omic epic in prose“, whose subjct is “the true ridiculous“ in uman nature, as exposed in all ts variety as Joseph a romace8 T 聨 e History of Ra 聳 selas,!Price o 聦 Abyssini (175 耹); a tragedy: I 聲 ene (17t9); ev 聥 ral hundred ess聡 ys which ap
11、pear 聥 d in the two pe 聲 adicals uoder his Editorshap-The Rambmr he must please, but he must also instruct; he must n ot offend against religion or promote immorality; The Duenna(1775), a comic opera; The Critic(1779), a burlesque some emigrated to the colonies; some sank to the level of farm labore
12、rs he was a rebel innocently whatever he imagined, he also saw. As an imaginative poet, he presents his view in visual images instead of abstract terms. Blake writes his poems in plain the valley of the Wye itself, the quiet center of the returning wanderers t houghts is described with a detail that
13、 conveys a sense of natural order at once vivid the ship stopped; the hot tropical sun shone all day long. The other sailors died of thirst one after another, while the mari ner alone was alive, being tortured all the time with thirst each corresponding chan ge in the soul of the mariner is register
14、ed. The whole experience is an ord eal of oppressive weariness. (2) “Kubla Khan“ was composed in a dream after Coleridge took the opi um. The poet was reading about Kubla Khan when he fell asleep. The ima ges of the river, of the magnificent palace the “pleasure-dome,“ the product of human imaginati
15、ve vision is the devic e (poetry) which will reconcile the opposites; lines 12 through 30 are iambic pentameter which is poly-rhythmic in its diversity; lines 31 t hrough 34 are in a lilting iambic tetrameter shifting to a couplet of iambic pentameter in lines 35 he giv es his strong support to the
16、Spanish people fighting for their national inde pendences; he laments over the fallen Greece, expressing his ardent wish that the suppressed Greek people should win their freedom; he glorifies th e French Revolution while on the Continent, he was hailed as the champion of liberty, poet of the peopl e. Byrons poetry has great influence on the literature of the whole world. Across Europe, patrio
