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1、 密 级： 学校代码：10075 分类号： 学 号：20090712 文学硕士学位论文 清末民初报人宗教情怀的嬗变 学 位 申 请 人 ：周宵鹏 指 导 教 师 ：白 贵 学 位 类 别 ：文学硕士 学 科 专 业 ：传播学 授 予 单 位 ：河北大学 答 辩 日 期：二 一 三 年五月 Classified Index: CODE: 10075 U.D.C.: NO: 20090712 A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Arts The Transmutation of ReportersReligious Feelings in End of the
2、Qing Dynasty and Early of the Republic of China Candidate: Zhou Xiaopeng Supervisor: Bai Gui Academic Degree Applied for : Master of Arts Specialty : Communication University : Hebei University Date of Oral Examination : May , 2013 摘 要 I摘 要 清末民初正值“中华三千年未有之变局” ，清王朝的覆灭、民国的匆匆建立、军阀的混战、 国民政府的专制统治， 都在这一时期
3、汇聚成时代的政治洪流； 维新变法的思想、共和革命的思想、科学民主的思想、传统保守的思想等，都在这一时期碰撞出时代的雄音，这一切都在深刻影响着广大的知识分子。时代的进步与经济的复苏发展带来了这一时期报业的繁荣，作为知识分子先锋队的报人的宗教情怀产生了一系列嬗变。 魏源、谭嗣同、章太炎等提出佛家情怀的“经世”观念，梁启超将这种“经世性”发展成为佛家情怀的“救世性” ，提倡“佛教救国” ，在民国建立后逐渐沉积，佛家情怀重归出世的原初状态。基督情怀随着基督教的在华传播表现出极强的时代性质，平等博爱的思想与重商倾向对知识分子和社会产生了重要的影响。在清末教案风波与“非基督教运动”的冲击下，李提摩太等人使
4、基督思想与儒家思想相融合的努力宣告失败，基督情怀逐渐褪去本土化外衣， 报人的基督情怀至此式微并转向具有普世意义的微观世界研究。相比之下，伊斯兰情怀则因其谦和宽厚的精神一直保持稳定的状态，王宽大阿訇提出的宗教责任与社会责任的统一主张极大地激励了穆斯林知识分子， 加之回民报刊的兴办，伊斯兰情怀得到普及，其道德关注与科学意识为思想界和报界带来了新鲜的气息。 但是，以报人为代表的中国知识分子这一阶段宗教情怀的嬗变是不完整的。时代的动荡促使报人对群体起伏生涯的宗教情绪体验， 士阶层向公共知识分子的历史转型也促使报人开始建构并进入公共领域。由于中国政治体制的影响，报人通过建构公共领域以期实现“道统”向“政
5、统”的接近的理想最终破灭，无奈中走向了学问与宗教的“第三条路” 。宗教情怀在整个过程中逐渐进入到融合趋势与普世化的进程，真正成为了知识分子处世修生的内在气质，成为一种理想主义的追求人间关怀与终极意义的精神内核。 关键词 清末民初 宗教情怀 报人Abstract IIAbstract The end of the Qing Dynasty and early of the Republic of China coincided with the reformation movement thought of the “Three thousand years of Chinese No chan
6、ge in the situation, the destruction of the Qing Dynasty, the Republic established in a hurry, warlords melee, the Nationalist government of authoritarian rule the political torrent converging times during this period; Republican revolution ideology, the ideology of science and democracy, the tradit
7、ional conservative thought in this period collision male tone of the times, its all in a profound impact on the majority of intellectuals. The era of progress and economic recovery and development has brought prosperity of this period the newspaper, produced a series of transmutation as a vanguard o
8、f intellectuals newsmans religious feelings. Wei Yuan Tan Sitong, Zhang Taiyan feelings Buddhist concept of “statecraft“ Liang “statecraft“ developed into the “salvation“ of Buddhist feelings, to promote the Buddhist salvation is gradually deposited after the establishment of the Republic, Buddhist
9、feelings return to the original state of birth. Christ feelings with the spread of Christianity in China showed strong nature of the times, has had an important impact on intellectuals and social equality of the fraternity thought and mercantilist tendencies. The impact of the turmoil of the late Qi
10、ng Dynasty lesson plans with non-Christian Movement, Timothy Lee et al Christ and the Confucian thought integration efforts failed, Christ the feelings faded localization coat, reported feelings of Christ to this decline and steering with the universal significance of the microscopic world. In contr
11、ast, the Islamic feelings for his gracious spirit has remained stable state, the king wide imam religious and social responsibilities of Unity in greatly inspired the Muslim intellectuals, coupled with the Muslim newspapers to set up Islamic feelings get universal, moral concern and awareness of sci
12、ence for the intellectual and the press to bring a fresh breath. However, this stage of the religious feelings of the Chinese intellectuals on behalf of reported human evolution is incomplete. The era of turmoil prompted the reported experience of the religious sentiment of the population ups and do
13、wns of his career, scholars in the Abstract IIIhistorical transformation of the public intellectuals also contributed to the reported start building into the public domain. Due to the impact of Chinas political system, the report by the construction of the public domain in order to achieve the final
14、 burst of the “orthodoxy“ to the “political system“ close to ideal, but toward learning and religion “third way“. Religious feelings in the whole process gradually into the convergence trend and universal process, and truly become the inherent qualities of the intellectuals themselves in society seminarians to become an idealistic pursuit of the spiritual core of the human care and ultimate meaning. Keywords the end of the Qing Dynasty and early of the Republic of China religious feelings reporters目 录 IV目 录 引 言1 第 1 章 清末民初时期与宗教情怀概况6 1.1 清末民初时代概况6 1.2 清末民初报业发展与报人概况7 1.
