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1、Chapter 31Chapter 3Using Information Technology to Engage in Electronic CommerceAnswers to Questions1.The government engages in electronic commerce by providing information at Web sites and developing interactive Web sites for transacting business between the government and citizens. Sites such as W
2、WW.WHITEHOUSE.GOV, WWW.NYC.GOV, and WWW.CENSUS.GOV are three of hundreds of state and federal Web sites that provide information and interaction.2.Business-to-business electronic commerce is vastly more important than business-to-consumer electronic commerce in terms of dollar impact. Over 90% of el
3、ectronic commerce is B2B.3.Business intelligence should provide knowledge about how electronic commerce will impact relationships with your customers, vendors, competitors, and other external entities before a firm decides to engage in electronic commerce.4.Thomas Register Online (WWW.THOMASREGISTER
4、.COM) provides information about U.S. and Canadian manufacturers.5.Electronic data interchange is the direct computer-to-computer exchange of data between firms in a machine-readable, structured format using a communications line.6.Interorganizational systems have comparative efficiency (both intern
5、al and interorganizational) and bargaining power benefits.7.XML (extensible markup language) challenges EDI because it exchanges data with a file formatting structure and a means of describing data similar to EDI but by using the inexpensive resources of the Internet and Web. DHTML (dynamic hypertex
6、t markup language) adds features to the standard HTML programming language of the Web by using script programming and active controls that dynamically change based upon the users interaction with the Web page. CORBA (common object request broker architecture) is a standard that grew out of the softw
7、are industrys interest in object-oriented databases and programming and these standards for communications between computers rival the EDI standards.8.The Internet is the name given to the network-of-networks that connects the global resources called the World Wide Web. The WWW is the information st
8、ored on computer servers accessible via networks where hypermedia documents can be retrieved using a unique addressing scheme.Chapter 329.First, there is not enough room on a computer screen to duplicate all of the images that you can visually experience the Web page would be chaotic. Second, images
9、 are large compute files and transmitting them via communications networks takes time fewer images means a Web page will load quicker. View Figure 3.5 as an example of an effective Web page with a limited number of images.10.The anticipated benefits of electronic commerce are improved customer servi
10、ce, improved relationships with suppliers and the financial community, as well as increased economic returns.11.External databases with business intelligence have an astounding breadth of information and the companies that establish these databases often provide them to firms for a lower cost than t
11、he firm would pay if it developed the business intelligence database.12.Internal operations gain efficiency via faster data gathering and analysis that yield fast decisions.13.European countries require an organization to obtain the customers written permission before information about that customer
12、 can be shared with another organization.14.Some examples of digital products are software, digital recordings, digital video and images, digital texts, education, and others.15.Hybrid sales (i.e. both a physical store front and virtual sales) occur because a firm creates a virtual site to take adva
13、ntage of the customer demand but a physical store front exists because the firm had a preexisting physical site and/or the physical site is required for a portion of the customers. The customers of a firm are not all the same, some may prefer a physical location while others prefer a Web site.16.A v
14、irtual mall is conceptually similar to a physical mall. A physical mall attracts customers because of its concentration of a variety of stores. Virtual malls concentrate a wide variety of virtual stores that can be accessed via a single Web site. WWW.24HOUR-MALL.COM is an example of a virtual mall.1
15、7.A business-to-business Web site should be developed from the customers point of view because its purpose is to facilitate the exchange of information that increases the interaction with the customer.18.A business-to-consumer Web site should be developed from the customers point of view because its
16、 purpose is to facilitate the exchange of information that increases the interaction with the customer.19.As of 1999, about 28 million people made an actual online purchase. If the definition of “shopping“ is relaxed to include people who researched prices and other product characteristics, then the figure grows to about 55 million.20.Digital purchasers face several costs that physical shoppers do not, such as the cost of their computer an
