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1、外语文献翻译外语文献翻译摘自: 制造工程与技术（机加工）（英文版）Manufacturing Engineering and TechnologyMachining机械工业出版社 2004 年 3 月第 1 版 美 s. 卡尔帕基安(Serope kalpakjian)s.r 施密德(Steven R.Schmid) 著外文原文ManipulatorRobot developed in recent decades as high-tech automated production equipment. Industrial robot is an important branch of in
2、dustrial robots. It features can be programmed to perform tasks in a variety of expectations, in both structure and performance advantages of their own people and machines, in particular, reflects the peoples intelligence and adaptability. The accuracy of robot operations and a variety of environmen
3、ts the ability to complete the work in the field of national economy and there are broad prospects for development. With the development of industrial automation, there has been CNC machining center, it is in reducing labor intensity, while greatly improved labor productivity. However, the upper and
4、 lower common in CNC machining processes material, usually still use manual or traditional relay-controlled semi-automatic device. The former time-consuming and labor intensive, inefficient; the latter due to design complexity, require more relays, wiring complexity, vulnerability to body vibration
5、interference, while the existence of poor reliability, fault more maintenance problems and other issues. Programmable Logic Controller PLC-controlled robot control system for materials up and down movement is simple, circuit design is reasonable, with a strong anti-jamming capability, ensuring the s
6、ystems reliability, reduced maintenance rate, and improve work efficiency. Robot technology related to mechanics, mechanics, electrical hydraulic technology, automatic control technology, sensor technology and computer technology and other fields of science, is a cross-disciplinary integrated techno
7、logy. First, an overview of industrial manipulator Robot is a kind of positioning control can be automated and can be re-programmed to change in multi-functional machine, which has multiple degrees of freedom can be used to carry an object in order to complete the work in different environments. Low
8、 wages in China, plastic products industry, although still a labor-intensive, mechanical hand use has become increasingly popular. Electronics and automotive industries that Europe and the United States multinational companies very early in their factories in China, the introduction of automated pro
9、duction. But now the changes are those found in industrial-intensive South China, East Chinas coastal areas, local plastic processing plants have also emerged in mechanical watches began to become increasingly interested in, because they have to face a high turnover rate of workers, as well as for t
10、he workers to pay work-related injuries fee challenges. With the rapid development of Chinas industrial production, especially the reform and opening up after the rapid increase in the degree of automation to achieve the workpiece handling, steering, transmission or operation of brazing, spray gun,
11、wrenches and other tools for processing and assembly operations since, which has more and more attracted our attention. Robot is to imitate the manual part of the action, according to a given program, track and requirements for automatic capture, handling or operation of the automatic mechanical dev
12、ices. In real life, you will find this a problem. In the machine shop, the processing of parts loading time is not annoying, and labor productivity is not high, the cost of production major, and sometimes man-made incidents will occur, resulting in processing were injured. Think about what could rep
13、lace it with the processing time of a tour as long as there are a few people, and can operate 24 hours saturated human right .The answer is yes, but the robot can come to replace it. Production of mechanical hand can increase the automation level of production and labor productivity; can reduce labo
14、r intensity, ensuring product quality, to achieve safe production; particularly in the high-temperature, high pressure, low temperature, low pressure, dust, explosive, toxic and radioactive gases such as poor environment can replace the normal working people. Here I would like to think of designing
15、a robot to be used in actual production. Why would a robot designed to provide a pneumatic power: pneumatic robot refers to the compressed air as power source-driven robot. With pressure-driven and other energy-driven comparison have the following advantages: 1. Air inexhaustible, used later dischar
16、ged into the atmosphere, does not require recycling and disposal, do not pollute the environment. (Concept of environmental protection) 2. Air stick is small, the pipeline pressure loss is small (typically less than asphalt gas path pressure drop of one-thousandth), to facilitate long-distance transport. 3. Compressed air of the working pressure is low (usually 4 to 8 kg / per square centimeter), and therefore moving the material components and manufacturing accuracy requiremen
