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1、兰州伟斯（VIS）英语学校 VIP 内部资料1MiaMia高中英语语法高中英语语法定语从句定语从句一、基本概念一、基本概念定语定语(形容词性)形容词形容词 名词前置定语 后置定语名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语先行词先行词被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。有时是短语或者句子。关系词关系词 who whom whose关系代词 that which as关系副词 when where why关系词的关系词的 3 3 个作用：个作用：(1)引导定语从句。 (2)代替先行词。 (3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。五大关系五大关系主谓主谓
2、 动宾动宾 副动副动 介宾介宾 偏正偏正( 先行词与定从中的某个词之间的关系先行词与定从中的某个词之间的关系 )The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all. The reason why he failed the examination is that he had not made any preparation for it.I love a room whose windo
3、w is large.This is my friend Wang Gang about whom my father told me a lot.Name: Class: 兰州伟斯（VIS）英语学校 VIP 内部资料2MiaMia二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语， 不能删除是对先行词的补充说明， 删除后意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语， “的” 通常翻译成主句的并列句或状从关系词的使 用上做宾语时可省略； 可用 that；
4、可用 who 代替 whom不可省； 不用 that； 不用 who 代替 whom三、重三、重/难难/考点考点（一）限制性定语从句只能用（一）限制性定语从句只能用 thatthat 的几种情况的几种情况1当先行词是当先行词是anything, everything, nothing, something, few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰等修饰时时（重点：常考重点：常考！）！）(1) Have you taken down everythi
5、ng that Mr. Li has said?(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3) All that can be done has been done.(4) There is little that I can do for you.2. 当先行词被序数词修饰当先行词被序数词修饰(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时(1)
6、This is the best film that I have seen.4. 当先行词被当先行词被 the very= just the, the only , the last 修饰时（重点：常考！）修饰时（重点：常考！）(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用 who兰州伟斯（VIS）英语学校 VIP 内部资料3MiaMia(3) Wang H
7、ua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/5. 当先行词前面有当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时等疑问代词时(1) Who is the man that is standing there?(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?7.
8、当关系代词在定语从句中做表语当关系代词在定语从句中做表语(1)The village is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago.8.当在当在 there be 句型中，通常情况下用句型中，通常情况下用 that，不用，不用 which（二）只能用（二）只能用 whichwhich 的情况：的情况：1.在非限制性定语从句中；在非限制性定语从句中；2.若句中有两个定语从句，前一句用了若句中有两个定语从句，前一句用了 that,后一句当用后一句当用 which。Let me show you the novel that I borro
9、wed from the library which was newly open to us.（三）只能用（三）只能用 whowho 的情况：的情况：1.在非限制性定语从句中；在非限制性定语从句中；2.先行词为指人的不定代词先行词为指人的不定代词 one, those, anyone, someone 等时，用关系代词等时，用关系代词whoThose who dont work hard at their studies wont pass the exam.He is one who has strong will to do everything to his best.（三）关系代词（
10、三）关系代词 asas 和和 whichwhich 之辨用之辨用1as 和和 which 引导限制性定语从句：引导限制性定语从句：(1) as 引导限制性定语从句引导限制性定语从句，仅限于先行词前面有仅限于先行词前面有 so, such, the same, as 修饰修饰时，构成时，构成 the same/so/such/asas 结构。其中关系代词结构。其中关系代词 as 在从句中充当主语、在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。宾语或表语。I have never heard such a story as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.兰州
11、伟斯（VIS）英语学校 VIP 内部资料4MiaMiaThis is the same book as I lost last week.suchsuch + + 先行词先行词 + + asas 定语从句定语从句/ / suchthatsuchthat 结果状语从句结果状语从句(1) Here is such a heavy stone as I cant move(2) Here is such a heavy stone that I cant move itthe same as / the same that注意：当先行词由 the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that 引导定语从句，
12、但是和由 as所引导的定语从句意思不同(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. 她穿着她在 Mary婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。(2). as 引导非限制性定语从句与引导非限制性定语从句与 which 引导限制性定语从句的区别：引导限制性定语从句的区别：He married her, as/which was natural.He was honest, as/which we can
13、 see.as 可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which 引导的引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。As is known to all, China is a developing country.He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.John, as you know, is a famous writer.He has been to Paris more than several times, which I
14、dont believe.as 有有“正如正如，正像，正像”的意思；而的意思；而 which 常译为常译为“这一点；这件事这一点；这件事”：Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.She is very patient, as is shown in her work.兰州伟斯（VIS）英语学校 VIP 内部资料5MiaMiawhich 从句的先行词可以是一个名词，从句的先行词可以是一个名词，as 从句的先行词只能是句子：从句的先行词只能是句子：The book, which I bought yesterday
15、, is very interesting.当从句的谓动为否定或带有复合结构时，一般用当从句的谓动为否定或带有复合结构时，一般用 which 不宜用不宜用 as。You pretended to know me, which I didnt understand.He admires everyone in the class, which I find quite strange.as 在从句中作主语时，后常接被动语态。在从句中作主语时，后常接被动语态。be known, be said, be reported, be announced 与之连用的词有与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等等. 记住以下结构：记住以下结构：as 常用于以下习语：常用于以下习语：as is well knownas was expectedas has been said before；as we all
