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1、美联英语提供：高中英语语法大全-精讲教程6关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里http:/ meeting ended up with warm applause. 会议在热烈的掌声中结束了。C一些表示“运转”意义的动词The machine runs well. 机器运转良好。His voice records well. 他的音录下来很好。D当 read, write, translate 等动词与表示行为方式的状语连用时动词 read, write, translate, act, add, wash, wear, cook, lock, sell, tear, cut, keep, fee
2、l, burn, strike, last 等常和表示行为方式的状语连用，表示被动意义。这些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。当主语是人时，是及物动词；当主语是物时，是不及物动词，即用主动形式表示被动意义。The book sells well. 这书的销路很好。My pen writes smoothly. 我的笔很好写。The play reads more easily than acts. 这剧本易读不易演。提示：这些动词常和情态动词（多半是否定式）连用，表示被动。His car cant move. 他的车不能开了。E表示状态特征的连系动词的被动意义有些表示状态特征的连系动词，如 lo
3、ok, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear, turn out等主动形式表示被动意义。Good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。What he said proved to be correct. 他的话证明是正确的。The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。Your sentence doesnt sound right. 你这话听起来不大对头。F一些动词的进行时态可以表示一个被动的动作The meat is cooking. 肉正在烧。The book is printing. 这本书正在印刷之中。G有些
4、作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的She is to blame. 她应该受到责备。The house is to let. 此房出租。六、被动形式表示主动意义英语的被动形式表示主动的意义，主要见于状态被动语态句中。一般说来有以下几种情况。A反身动词的被动形式表示主动意义反身动词（及物动词+反身代词）作谓语时，其宾语反身代词，表示动作返回到执行者本身，主语既是动作的执行者，又是动作的承受者。由于反身动词具有这一特点，在被动结构中动作的承受者，也就是动作的执行者，在句中表现出主动的意义。He seats himself at the back of the classroom
5、. 他坐在教室的后面。- He is seated at the back of the classroom. 他坐在教室的后面。He lost himself in the forest.- He was lost in the forest. 他在森林中迷了路。He dressed himself in a dark blue suit.- He was dressed in a dark blue suit. 他穿着一套深蓝色的衣服。注意：有些介词短语作定语或表语时，也有被动的含义。The tall building under repair is an office building.
6、正在修建的那座高楼是一座办公楼。The result is nnow under consideration.结果现在正在考虑中。个别介词短语用冠词时表示被动的意义，不用冠词表示主动意义。The children are in the charge of this nurse.孩子们由这位护士照管。This nurse is in charge og the children.这位护士负责照看孩子们。B “引起感情”等动词的被动形式表主动意义The teacher is satisfied with what he said. 老师对他所说的感到满意。We are opposed to unj
7、ust wars. 我们反对非正义的战争。We are prepared to accept his proposal. 我们准备采纳他的建议。He was tired with playing all day. 玩了一整天他感到很疲倦了。C某些表示定位、移位的动词The earth is tilted a little. 地球有点儿倾斜。Hundreds of soldiers were stationed around the prison. 数百个士兵驻扎在监狱周围。The village is located at the foot of a hill. 这个村庄坐落在山脚下。D不及物
8、动词的-ed 形式与 be 连用表示主动意义Spring is come. 春天来了。The moon was set and it was very dark. 月亮落了，天很黑。He is advanced in years. 他年纪很大了。E表示终止动词的-ed 形式He is done with it. 他做完了这件事。My fever is gone, but I still have a cough. 我的烧已经退了，但还有点儿咳嗽。F一些习惯用法He was graduated from Beijing University. 他毕业于北大。You are mistaken. 你
9、弄错了。He is retired. 他退休了。G被动的祈使句Do be seated. 请坐！Be prepared, please. 请准备好。Get washed. 洗吧。Be concerned more about the well-being of the masses. 多关心群众的生活。He was married in Beijing. 他是在北京结婚的。 （被动语态）虚拟语气第三章虚拟语气虚拟语气（the subjunctive mood） ，又称假设语气，是谓语动词的一种形式，表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反，在现实中并不存在，或实现的可能性很小。一、动词的语气语气用来区别
10、讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气(mood)有三种，分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。1.陈述语气陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问，主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。Where there is a will, theres a way.有志者事竟成。Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？How I missed the life in the countryside!我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。Come this way, please!请这边走。
11、Dont make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？Do be careful when crossing the street.过马路时一定要小心。3.虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。I wish it were spring all the year round.但愿四季如春。May good luck be yours!祝你好运！二、条件句中的虚拟语气英语中条件从句有两类，一类是真实条件句，另一类是
12、非真实条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句；如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。A真实条件句真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。If he doesnt come at 8, we wont wait for him.如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property. 过去发生洪水的话，常有很大的生命和财产损失。We shall go there unless it rain
13、s tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。Ill let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean.如果你能保持车子干净，我就让你用我的自行车。B非真实条件句在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气，其构成有三种形式：与现在事实相反 if 条件句的谓语：were did主句的谓：would (couldshouldmight) + do与过去事实相反 if 条件句的谓语：had done主句的谓：would(couldshouldmight) + have done与将来事实相反 if 条件句的谓语
14、：didwere主句的谓：should do would (couldshouldmight) + do were to do1表示与现在事实相反的条件条件从句用动词的过去式（be 动词用 were） ，主句用 should（第一人称）或would（全部人称）+动词原形。可用情态动词 could, might 代替 should, would 表示情态。If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go and see my friends.明天要是星期天的话，我就去看望我的朋友。If I were you, I should go and try.我要是你，我就去试
15、试。If wishes were horses, beggars might ride.如果幻想能成为马匹，叫花子都有了坐骑would go if they treated me like a slave.要是他们把我当奴隶对待，我就走。2表示与过去事实相反的条件条件从句用动词的过去完成时，主句用 should（第一人称）或 would（全部人称）+have done，也可用 could, might 代替 should, would。If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you.如果昨天
16、我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。If it had not rained this morning, I should have gone shopping.今天早上要是没下雨，我就去买东西了。The flood might have caused great damages to the people if we had not built so many reservoirs.倘若我们没有修建这么多的水库，洪水就会使人民遭受巨大的损失。3表示在将来不太可能实现的条件表示在将来不太可能实现的条件从句有三种形式：weredid条件从句用动词的过去式（be 动词用 were） ，主句用 should（第一人称）或would（全部人称）+动词原形。也可用 could, might 代替 should, would。If he were here to
