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1、大学英语自学教程上册大学英语自学教程上册 1-101-10 课文及翻译课文及翻译第一单元 课文 Aon the other handHow to Be a Successful Language Learner?怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者“Learning a language is easy.Even a child can do it!“学好一种语言很容易。连孩子都做得到！”Most adults who are learning a second language大多数学习第二语言的成年人would disagree with this statement.不会同意这一说法。For t
2、hem,learning a language is a very difficult task.对于他们来说，学习语言是一项很困难的任务。They need hundreds of hours of study and practice,他们需要数百小时的学习和练习，and even this will not guarantee success就是这样也不能保证for every adult language learner.每一位成年语言学习者都能成功。Language learning is different from other kinds of learning.语言学习不同于基
3、它种类的学习。some people who are very intelligent有些很聪明并在自己领域and successful in theier fields find it difficult很有成就的人却发现to succeed in language learing.学好语言很难。Conversely,some people who are successful language learners相反，有些成功的语言学习者find it difficult to succeed in other fields.发现他们在其它领域取得成就也很难。Language teacher
4、s often offer advice to language learners;语言教师通常给语言学习者提出建议：“Read as much as you can in the new language.“尽量多读外语。 ”“Practice speaking the language every day.“每天练习说外语。 ”“Live with people who speak the language.“和说外语的人多接触。 ”“Dont translate-try to think in the new language.“不要翻译努力用外语思维。 ”“Learn as a chi
5、ld would learn;play with the language.“像孩子那样学习；轻轻松松学语言。 ”But what does a successful language learner do?可是成功的语言学习者是怎么做的呢？Language learning research语言学习研究表明，shows that successful language language learners are similar in many ways.成功的语言学习者许多方面是相似的。First of all,successful language learners are indepen
6、dent learners.首先，成功的语言学习者是独立的学习者。They do not depend on the book or the teacher;他们不依赖书本或老师；they discover their own way to learn the language.他们找到自己学外语的方法。Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain,他们不等着老师去解释，they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.而是自己努力去找出句型和规则等。They are good g
7、uessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions.他们很会猜测，会找出线索并得出自己的结论。When they guess wrong,they guess again.要是猜错了，他们会再猜。They try to learn from their mistakes.他们会努力从自己的错误中学到东西。Successful language learning is active learning.成功的语言学习是积极主动的学习。Therefore,successful learners do not wait for a cha
8、nce to use the language;因此，成功的语言学习者不坐等说外语的机会；they look for such a chance.他们会寻找这样的机会。They find people who speak the language他们找到那些说外语的人and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake.并请他们纠正自己犯的错误。They will try anything to communicate.他们会尽一切努力与人交流。They are not afraid to repeat what
9、they hear or to say strange thing;他们不害怕重复所听到东西，也不担心自己会说些莫名其妙的话。they are willing to make mistakes and try again.他们情愿犯些错误，然后再重来。When communication is difficult,在交流有困难时，03:40.16 they cna accept information that is inexact or incomplete.他们能够接受不准确或不完整的信息。It is more important for them于他们来说，to learn to thi
10、nk in the language than to know the meaning of every word.用外语思维比了解每个词的意思更为重要。finally,successful language learners are learners with a purpose.最后，成功的语言学习者是目的明确的学习者。They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language他们是因为对外语和说外语的人and the people who speak it .感兴趣才学外语的。It is nece
11、ssary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people他们认为有必要学习外语以便and to learn from them.能与说外语的人交流并向他们学习。They find it easy to practice using the language regularly所以他们感到经常练习说外语并不难。because they want to learn with it.因为他们想利用外语学习新东西，What kind of language learner are you?你是哪一种语言
12、学习者呢？If you are a successful language learner,你若是一名成功的语言学习者，you have probably been learning independently,你大概一直在独立地、actively,and purposefully.主动地、目的明确地学习。On the other hand,if your language learning has been less than successful,反之，如果你的外语学得一直不太成功，you might do well to try some of the techniques outlin
13、ed above.你不妨试试上面概括的一些技巧。Text B课文 BLanguage语言when we want to tell other people what we think,当我们要把自己的想法告诉别人时，we can do it not only with the help of words,but also in many other ways.我们不仅可以借助于词语，还可用许多其它方法。For instance,We sometimes move our heads up and down when we want to say “yes“比方说，我们想说“是”的时候通常点点头
14、；and we move our heads from side to side when we want to say“no“而想说“不”的时候就摇摇头。People who can neither hear nor speak (that is,deaf and dumb people)那些既听不见也不能说的人（即聋哑人）talk to each other with the help of their fingers.则用手势相互交谈。People who do not understand each others language have to do the same.人们彼此语言不
15、通时也这么做。The following story shows how they sometimes do it.下面的故事就表现他们有时是这么做的。An Englishman who could not speak Italian was once traveling in Italy.有一次，一位不会说意大利语的英国人曾在意大利旅行。One day he entered a restaurant and sat down at a table.一天他走进一家钣店并坐在一张桌旁。When the waiter came,the Englishman opened his mouth,当侍者
16、走过来时，这位英国人张开嘴，put his fingers in it,took them out again and moved his lips.把手指放在嘴里，又拿了出来，并动了动嘴唇。In this way he meant to say, “Bring me something to eat.“他想以此说， “给我拿点吃的来。 ”The waiter soon brought him a cup of tea.侍者很快给他端来一杯茶。The Englishman shook his head and the waiter understood that he didnt want tea,这位英国人摇摇头，侍者明白了他并不想要茶。so he took it away and brought him rome coffee.于是他把茶端走又给他端来了咖啡。The Englishman,who was very hungry by this time and not at all thirsty,这位英国人这时已非常锇但一点也不渴，looked very
