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1、高考英语陷阱题语法详解：动词时态来源：天星 更新日期：2011-04-01 点击：371. “I _ his telephone number.“ “I have his number, but I _ to bring my phone book.“A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgotC. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为“忘记“是现在的事。【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说“我忘记他的电话号码了“，这个“忘记“应该 是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空应填 f
2、orget；第二个人说“我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了“，这个“忘记“应该是过去的情况， 即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上（注意句中的转折连词 but） ，故第二空应 填 forgot，即答案选应 C.请再看一例：- Oh, I _ where he lives.- Dont you carry your address book?No, I _ to bring it.A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgotC. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget答案选 C，理由同上。2. I had hoped to see her
3、off at the station, but I _ too busy.A. was B. had been C. would be D. would have been【陷阱】容易误选 B 或 D，认为前句用了 had hoped，所以此句谓语要用 B 或 D 与之呼应。【分析】但正确答案为 A，前一句谓语用 had hoped，表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算， 可以译为“本想“，而后一句说“我太忙“，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。 请做以下类似试题（答案均为 A）：（1） We had hoped to catch the 10：20 train, but _ it wa
4、s gone.A. found B. had found C. would find D. would have found（2） We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _.A. didnt B. hadntC. neednt D. would not have（3） We had wanted to come to see him, but we _ no time.A. had B. had hadC. would have D. would have had（4） I had expected to come o
5、ver to see you last night, but someone _ and I couldnt get away.A. called B. had calledC. would call D. would have called（5） The traffic accident wouldnt have happened yesterday, but the driver _ really careless.A. was B. is C. were D. had been3. Dear me! Just _ at the time! I _ no idea it was so la
6、te.A. look, have B. looking, had C. look, had D. looking, have【陷阱】此题容易误选 D，认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填 have 的一般现在时， 以保持与前面时态的一致性。【分析】其实，此题应选 C，第一空应填 look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填 had，因为前一句说“看看时间吧“，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，“不知道这么迟了“ 显然应是“过去“的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。4. “Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it.“ “It
7、s 4331577.“A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant【陷阱】此题容易误选 C，认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在“没听清对方的话“。【分析】其实，此题答案应选 A，根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？“可知 “没听清对方的电话号码“应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。请看以下类似试题：（1）“Mr Smith isnt coming tonight.“ “But he _.“A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised答案选 B，“他答应（要来）“应发生在过去。（2）“Hey,
8、 look where you are going!“ “Oh, Im terribly sorry. _.“A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent noticed D. I dont notice答案选 B，“我没注意“是对方提醒之前的事，现经对方一提醒，当然注意到了。（3）“Oh its you! I _ you.“ “Ive had my hair cut.“A. didnt realize B. havent realizedC. didnt recognize D. dont recognized答案选 C.“没认出是你“是
9、说此话之前的事，说此话时显然已经认出了对方。（4）“Whats her new telephone number?“ “Oh, I _.“A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting此题应选 A，从语境上看，“忘记“的时间应是现在，即指现在不记得了。（5）“Since youve agreed to go, why arent you getting ready?“ “But I _ that you would have me start at once.“A. dont realize B. didnt realize C. h
10、adnt realized D. havent realized答案选 B.“没意识到“是对方提醒之前的事。（6）“Its twelve oclock, I think I must be off now.“ “Oh, really? I _ it at all.“A. dont realize B. havent realized C. didnt realize D. hadnt realized答案选 C.“没意识到“是在听到的话之前的事。5. Mr Smith _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether he has f
11、inished it.A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing【陷阱】容易误选 B 或 C.【分析】此题应选 D，这是由 but I dont know whether he has finished it 这一句话 的语境决定的，全句意为“史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了“。有 的同学可能由于受 last year 的影响而误选 B.但若选 B，则句子前半部分的意思则变为“史 密斯先生去年写了一本书“，既然是“写了“，那么这与下文的“但我不知道他现在是否写完了 “相矛盾。6. He has changed
12、a lot. He _ not what he _.A. is, is B. was, was C. is, was D. was, is【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选 C，上文说“他“变化很大，即“他“现在不是过去的那个样子了，故第一 空填 is，第二空填 was（其实第二空也可用 used to be） 。请看类例：“What place is it?“ “Havent you found out we _ back where we _?“A. were, had been B. have been, are C. are, were D. are, had been
13、答案选 C，We are back where we were 的意思是“我们（现在）又回到刚才来过的地方“。7. He is very busy. I dont know if he _ or not tomorrow.A. come B. comes C. will come D. is coming【陷阱】此题容易误选 B.认为 if 引导的是条件状语从句，从句谓语要用一般现在时表示 将来意义。【分析】其实，此题答案应选 C，句中 if 引导的不是条件状语从句（即 if如果） ，而是宾 语从句（即 if是否） ，句意为“他很忙，我不知道明天他是否会来。“请看以下类似试题：（1）I don
14、t know if she _, but if she _ I will let you know.A. comes, comes B. will come, will comeC. comes, will come D. will come, comes答案选 D，第一个 if 引导的是宾语从句，第二个 if 引导的是条件状语从句。（2）“When _ he come?“ “I dont know, but when he _, Ill tell you.“A. does, comes B. will, will come C. does, will come D. will, comes答
15、案选 D，第一个 when 疑问副词，用于引出一个特殊疑问句；第二个 when 是从属连词， 用于引导时间状语从句。（3）“When he _ is not known yet.“ “But when he _, he will be warmly welcomed.“A. comes, comes B. will come, will comeC. comes, will come D. will come, comes答案选 D，第一个 when 引导的是主语从句，第二个 when 引导的是时间状语从句。8. The bridge, which _ 1688, needs repairin
16、g.A. is dated from B. was dated fromC. dates from D. dated from【陷阱】此题容易误选 B 或 D，认为句中用了 1688 这个过去时间，所以应选过去时态，又 因为 date from 不用于被动语态，所以只能选 D.【分析】其实此题的最佳答案应是 C，因为 date from 的意思是“自某时起存在至今 “（have existed since） ，它通常用于一般现在时，而不用过去时态（尽管其后接的总是 表示过去的时间） 。如：The church dates from 1176. 这座教堂是六世纪建的。The castle dates from th
