《语言学第一章练习》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语言学第一章练习（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、1ExercisesChapter I Invitations to LinguisticsI. Fill in the blanks. 1. Language, broadly speaking, is a means of _ communication.2. In many language words can be used in new ways to mean things and can be combined into innumerable sentences based on limited rules. This feature is usually termed _.3
2、. Language has many functions. We can use language to talk about itself. This function is _.4. Theory that primitive man made involuntary vocal noises while performing heavy work has been called the _ theory.5. The theory that language arose from instinctive emotional cries, expressive of pain or jo
3、y has been called the _ theory.6. The theory that language arose from -human beings instinctive need for contact with his companion has been called the _ theory.7. Linguistics is the scientific study of _.8. Modern linguistic is _ in the sense that the linguist tries to discover what language is rat
4、her than lay down some rules for people to observe.9. One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of _ over writing.10. The description of a language as it changes through time is a _ study.11. Saussure put forward two important concepts. _ refers to the abstract linguistic system sh
5、ared by all members of a speech community.12. Linguistic potential is similar to Saussure s langue and Chomsky s _. 13. language is a system of _ _ symbols used for human communication.14. Linguistics is generally defined as the _ study of _.15. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the langu
6、age people actually use, it is said to be _; if it aims to lay down rules for “correct“ behavior, it is said to be _.216. In modern linguistics, _ study seems to enjoy priority over _ study. The reason is that successful studies of various states of a language would be the foundations of a historica
7、l study.17. Langue refers to the _ linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community; and parole refers to the _ of langue in actual use.18. Chomsky defines competence as the ideal users _ of the rules of his language, and performance, the actual _ of this knowledge in linguistic com
8、munication.19. “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet“. This famous quotation from Shakespeare illustrates that language has the design feature of _.20 The property of _ of language provides a speaker with an opportunity to talk about a wide range of things, free from barriers caused by sepa
9、ration in time and place.21. Language is a system, which consists of two sets of structures, one of _, and the other of _. This double articulation of language enables its users to talk about anything within their knowledge.22. An English speaker and a Chinese speaker are both able to use language,
10、but they are not mutually intelligible, which shows that language is culturally _.II . Choose the best answer.1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human _A. contact B .communicationC. relation D. community2. Language is_.A. instinctive B. non-instinctiveC. static D. geneticall
11、y transmitted3. A linguist regards the changes in language and languages use A. unnatural B. something to be fearedC. natural D. abnormal34. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary?A. tree B. crashC. typewriter D. bang5. The function of the sentence “Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade“
12、 is A. interrogative B. directiveC. informative D. performative6. _ is a grammatical description of a language specially designed as an aid to teaching that language to native or foreign learners.A. Descriptive grammar B. Prescriptive grammarC. Pedagogical grammar D. Universal grammar7. In Chinese w
13、hen someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the people present are likely to say sui sui ping an ( every year be safe and happy) as a means of controlling the forces which the believers feel might affect their lives. Which functions does it perform?A. interpersonal. B. Emotive.C. Performative.
14、D. Recreational.8. Which of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place, due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situation?A. Transferability. B. Duality.C. Displacement. D. Arbitrariness.9. Study the following dialogue. What function does it play according to the functions of language?-A nice day, isnt it?-Right! I really enjoy the sunlight.A. Emotive. B. Phatic.C. Performative
