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1、参与参与 911 救援人员患癌症几率高救援人员患癌症几率高 发布: 2011-09-05 来自: 科学网 据台湾“中央社”报道，一项研究于 9 月 2 日指出，暴露于美国纽约 911 世界贸易中心恐怖袭击的消防队员罹患癌症的风险较高；另一方面，救援队员罹患疾病风险普遍也较高。研究今天刊在柳叶刀（The Lancet）医学杂志 10 周年纪念版。尽管如此，科学家表示，在这场劫难幸存的救难队员与民众，死亡率却比纽约广大民众还要低。另一项研究指出，10 年前赶赴纽约市双子星大厦( Twin Towers)的消防员，罹癌机率比当时未深入险境的同事多了 19%。纽约市消防局首席医疗官员普瑞桑(David
2、 Prezant)和研究团队检视 9853 名男性消防官员的健康记录，时间追溯自 911 事件发生之前。他们发现，当时暴露于双子星大厦的消防人员和一般民众，罹癌人数分别是 263 人和 238 人；相较之下，未进入大厦的消防员和一般民众，罹癌数则为 135 人和 161 人。另一方面，同样刊在柳叶刀的另一项研究指出，5 万名曾参与 911 攻击救援与重建工作的人员，罹患生理和心理疾病的比例相当高。研究人员搜集到 2.7 万人的健康资料，发现 28%有气喘、42%有鼻窦炎、39%有胃食道逆流疾病。纽约州西奈山医学院(Mount Sinai School of Medicine)的维斯尼弗斯基(J
3、uan Wisnivesky)在研究报告写道，他们之中有 28%罹患忧郁症、32%有创伤后压力症候群、21%受恐慌症所苦。不过纽约市健康与心理卫生局(New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene)所做的另一项研究发现，当时已处于世贸中心的救援人员与一般民众，死亡率却比纽约市一般居民还要低。生物探索推荐：生物探索推荐：911 事件已过十年 上万人仍有 PTSD 症状（视频）美国 9-11 救援人员 9 年中 300 人患癌症病逝“911”消防患癌风险高两成生物探索推荐英文论文摘要：生物探索推荐英文论文摘要：论文一：Early asse
4、ssment of cancer outcomes in New York City firefighters after the 9/11 attacks: an observational cohort studyBackgroundThe attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) on Sept 11, 2001 (9/11) created the potential for occupational exposure to known and suspected carcinogens. We examined cancer incidence
5、and its potential association with exposure in the first 7 years after 9/11 in firefighters with health information before 9/11 and minimal loss to follow-up.MethodsWe assessed 9853 men who were employed as firefighters on Jan 1, 1996. On and after 9/11, person-time for 8927 firefighters was classif
6、ied as WTC-exposed; all person-time before 9/11, and person-time after 9/11 for 926 non-WTC-exposed firefighters, was classified as non-WTC exposed. Cancer cases were confirmed by matches with state tumour registries or through appropriate documentation. We estimated the ratio of incidence rates in
7、WTC-exposed firefighters to non-exposed firefighters, adjusted for age, race and ethnic origin, and secular trends, with the US National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) reference population. CIs were estimated with overdispersed Poisson models. Additional analyses i
8、ncluded corrections for potential surveillance bias and modified cohort inclusion criteria.FindingsCompared with the general male population in the USA with a similar demographic mix, the standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) of the cancer incidence in WTC-exposed firefighters was 110 (95% CI 098125)
9、. When compared with non-exposed firefighters, the SIR of cancer incidence in WTC-exposed firefighters was 119 (95% CI 096147) corrected for possible surveillance bias and 132 (107162) without correction for surveillance bias. Secondary analyses showed similar effect sizes.InterpretationWe reported
10、a modest excess of cancer cases in the WTC-exposed cohort. We remain cautious in our interpretation of this finding because the time since 9/11 is short for cancer outcomes, and the reported excess of cancers is not limited to specific organ types. As in any observational study, we cannot rule out t
11、he possibility that effects in the exposed group might be due to unidentified confounders. Continued follow-up will be important and should include cancer screening and prevention strategies.论文二：Persistence of multiple illnesses in World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers: a cohort studyBackgr
12、oundMore than 50 000 people participated in the rescue and recovery work that followed the Sept 11, 2001 (9/11) attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC). Multiple health problems in these workers were reported in the early years after the disaster. We report incidence and prevalence rates of physical
13、 and mental health disorders during the 9 years since the attacks, examine their associations with occupational exposures, and quantify physical and mental health comorbidities.MethodsIn this longitudinal study of a large cohort of WTC rescue and recovery workers, we gathered data from 27 449 partic
14、ipants in the WTC Screening, Monitoring, and Treatment Program. The study population included police officers, firefighters, construction workers, and municipal workers. We used the Kaplan-Meier procedure to estimate cumulative and annual incidence of physical disorders (asthma, sinusitis, and gastr
15、o-oesophageal reflux disease), mental health disorders (depression, post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD, and panic disorder), and spirometric abnormalities. Incidence rates were assessed also by level of exposure (days worked at the WTC site and exposure to the dust cloud).Findings9-year cumulative
16、incidence of asthma was 276% (number at risk: 7027), sinusitis 423% (5870), and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease 393% (5650). In police officers, cumulative incidence of depression was 70% (number at risk: 3648), PTSD 93% (3761), and panic disorder 84% (3780). In other rescue and recovery workers, cumulative incidence of depression was 275% (number at risk: 4200), PTSD 319% (4342), and panic disorder 212% (4953). 9-year cumulative incidence for spirometric abnormaliti
