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1、1What is object technology? What do you perceive as object technologys strength? Its weakness? Object 【A set of principles (abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism) guiding software construction, together with languages, databases, and other tools that support those principles.】 【Reflects a single
2、paradigm.Facilitates architectural and code reuse.Reflects real world models more closely.Encourages stability.Is adaptive to change】2What is UML? List at least three benefits of developing with UML.【UML is Unified Modeling Language, it is a language for Visualizing, Specifying, Constructing, Docume
3、nting the artifacts of a software-intensive system. 】【The UML builds models that are precise, unambiguous, and complete.UML models can be directly connected to a variety of programming languages.The UML addresses documentation of system architecture, requirements, tests, project planning, and releas
4、e requirements. commucation 】3What process characteristic best fit the UML? Describe each characteristic.【Use-case driven + Architecture-centric + Iterative and incremental.】4What is a use-case driven process? What is use-case? Whats the benefits of use case?【Use cases defined for a system are the b
5、asis for the entire development process.在不展现一个系统或子系统内部结构的情况下，对系统或子系统的某个连贯的功能单元的定义和描述。【Benefits of use cases:Concise, simple, and understandable by a wide range of stakeholders. Help synchronize the content of different models. 】5What is systems architecture? What is an architecture-centric Process?【
6、A systems architecture is used as a primary artifact for conceptualizing, constructing, managing, and evolving the system under development. 】6What is an iteration? What is the benefits of Iterative Development?【Critical risks are resolved before making large investments.Initial iterations enable ea
7、rly user feedback.Testing and integration are continuous.Objective milestones focus on the short term.Progress is measured by assessing implementations.Partial implementations can be deployed. 】7What are the basic principles of OO technology ? Describe each in detail.A:Abstraction + Encapsulation +
8、Modularity + Hierarchy.The essential characteristics of an entity that distinguishes it from all other kinds of entities.Defines a boundary relative to the perspective of the viewer.Is not a concrete manifestation, denotes the ideal essence of something. Hides implementation from clients. Breaks up
9、something complex into manageable pieces.Helps people understand complex systems. 8What is use case model? Which artifacts can be included in a use case model ? 【A model that describes a systems functional requirements in terms of use cases.A model of the systems intended functions (use cases) and i
10、ts environment (actors). 9List three types of relationships existed between different usecases and give examples.【用例泛化、包含用例、扩展用例】10Explain the following diagram and their elements with examples.1) usecase diagram 【A use case models a dialog between actors and the system. A use case is initiated by a
11、n actor to invoke a certain functionality in the system. 】2)Activity diagram 【An activity diagram in the use-case model can be used to capture the activities in a use case. It is essentially a flow chart, showing flow of control from activity to activity. 】3) sequence diagram 【A sequence diagram is
12、an interaction diagram that emphasizes the time ordering of messages. 】4) Collaboration diagram【A collaboration diagram emphasizes the organization of the objects that participate in an interaction. 】5) class diagram 【Static view of a system. Include The vocabulary of a system, Collaborations, A log
13、ical database schema.】6) statechart diagram 【A statechart diagram shows a state machine. 】7) deployment diagram【The deployment diagram shows:Configuration of processing nodes at run-time.Communication links between these nodes. Component instances and objects that reside on them. 】11Describe the sim
14、ilarities and differences between the sequence diagram and collaboration diagram .【Semantically equivalent-Can convert one diagram to the other without losing any information.Model the dynamic aspects of a system.Model a use-case scenario.】【Collaboration diagrams:Sequence diagrams:-Show relationship
15、s in addition -Show the explicit sequence of messages.to interactions.-Better for visualizing patterns -Show focus of control.of collaboration.-Better for visualizing all of the -Better for visualizing overall flow.effects on a given object.-Better for real-time specifications-Easier to use for brai
16、nstorming sessions.and for complex scenarios. 】12Define the different relationships in class diagram: dependency, association,aggregation, composition, generalization.【Dependency:一个类的改变可能影响或提供信息给其他类。引用Association: The semantic relationship between two or more classifiers that specifies connections among their instances.类之间的连接 两个类在概念上有连接关系时，类之间的连接称为关联；提供了不同类的对象可以相互作用的连接 Aggregation: A special form of association that models a whole-part relationship between
