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1、英语介词的基本用法英语介词的基本用法介词 (preposition) 又称前置词，是英语中最活跃的词类之一，它表示的是它后面的名 词或代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系。 介词一般可分为下列三类介词一般可分为下列三类 1. 简单介词，如： about, above, across, after, against, among, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides, beyond, but, by, down, during, except, for, from, in, like, near, of
2、, off, on, over, past, round, since, through, to, towards, under, until, till, up, with 2. 合成介词，如： inside, into, onto, outside, throughout, upon, within, without 3. 短语介词，如： according to, along with, apart from, as for, as to, because of, by means of, in front of, in spite of, instead, in accordance
3、with, on account of, on behalf of , owing to, due to, together with, up to, with regard to, next to, prior to 介词不能单独充当句子成分，它必须与名词或相当于名词作用的成分构成介词短语才能充 当 句子的成分。 以下是常用的介词的固定搭配以下是常用的介词的固定搭配1. At be good at 精通于 be annoyed at 对烦恼 be angry at 对 (事) 发怒 (take) aim at 瞄准 laugh at 因而发笑 stare at 盯着看，凝视 at the b
4、est 充其量 at first 开始 at large 自由地 at least 至少，起码 at length 最后，终于 at once 立即，马上 at present 现在 at rest 休息，静止不动 at times 间或，有时 He was angry at his brothers remark. 他对他兄弟的批评很恼火。 I dont know him but he has been staring at me for ten minutes. 我不认识他，但是他盯了我足有十分钟。 The foreign countries attempt at a blockade o
5、f the port was unsuccessful. 外国试图对这个港口实施封锁，但没有成功。 I know I am at fault. 我知道我错了。 The escaped prisoner is still at large. 那逃犯仍逍遥法外。 He is at present away on his holidays. 他现在到外地度假去了。 2. About careful about 小心 particular about 对讲究 careless about 粗心 doubtful about 对怀疑 sure about 肯定 concerned about 担心 a
6、complaint about 抱怨，叫屈 bring about 导致，引起 care about 关心，介意 leave about 乱放，乱扔 fuss about 大惊小怪 anxious about 担心，想念 例如： How did it come about? 那事是怎样发生的? She is crazy about pop music. 她对流行音乐着了迷。 English people are always making complaints about their weather. 英国人老是埋怨天气不好。 He is enthusiastic about the musi
7、c of Brahams. 他热衷于布拉姆斯的乐曲。 Harry likes eating very much but he isnt very particular about the food he eats. 哈里很爱吃，但对他所吃的食物倒并不讲究。 3. Against fight against 反对 immune against 免除 vote against 投票反对 protect against 保护免受 stand against 反对，经受住 an accusation against 控制，谴责 a prejudice against 偏见，万岁 guard again
8、st 防护 protest against 反对，抗议 rise against 起来反抗 run against 对不利，违反 strive against 和斗争 a defence against 防护，保卫 a protest against 抗议，反对 例如： I protest against their criticism. 我对他们的批评提出抗议。 He made a false accusation against his boss. 他诬告上司。 Those clothes dont give you much protection against the cold. 那些
9、衣服不能使你御寒。 He should guard against passing on disease to his family. 他应当注意别把病传给自己家里的人。 4. By abide by 遵守 pull by 拉住 by mistake 弄错，失误 by virtue of 靠，由于 by means of 使用 by aid of 借助于 by way of 经由 by force 以武力，强迫地 by marriage 联姻而产生的 例如： He is by nature a kind, generous fellow. 他是个天性和蔼慷慨的人。 They sent the
10、letter to me by mistake. 他们误把那封信送给了我。 The old Roman armies had several generals who took command by turns. 古罗马的军队由几位大将轮流指挥。 By virtue of his victory, he felt he could do what he pleased. 由于胜利，他感到可以想干什么就干什么了。 I probably know him by sight but not by name. 我大概见面认识他，不过叫不上名字。 5. For competent for 胜任 for
11、good (=for ever=forever) 永远 for the sake of 为缘故 for the better 好转 for the purpose of 为目的 for a change 改变一下 for the time being 暂时 for fear of 免得 an affection for 爱，爱情 application for 申请 (make) preparation for 为作准备 blame for 责怪，责备 cause for 理由 readiness for 为准备就绪 an occasion for 时机，机会 contempt for 轻蔑，
12、藐视 a demand for 需要，需求 evidence for 证据，根据 a fondness for 喜欢 a reason for 理由，原因 a respect for 尊敬，尊重 a search for 搜寻，找寻 例如： I should like to repeat my opening remarks for the benefit of those who just came in. 我愿重复一下我的开场白，以便让刚入场的人也能听到。 She got up early to be ready for the post. 为了静心等候邮件，她一早就起床了。 New Yo
13、rk is famous for its skyscrapers. 纽约以其摩天大楼而著称。 His excuse for being late was that his train was delayed. 他晚到的理由是火车晚点了。 This new school will have no playground for the time being. 这所新学校将暂时没有操场。 If one does not have respect for oneself, one cant expect others to respect him. 如果一个人不能自重，那么就别指望别人尊敬他。 Nob
14、ody knows the age of the earth for certain. 没有人确切知道地球的年龄。 6. From differ from 与不同，相异 dismiss from 解雇，使离职 infer from 从推论出 prevent from 阻止，防碍 protect from 保护以免 resign from 辞职 suffer from 受之苦 tell from 把与区分开来 from a distance 从远处，远远地 from the heart 诚心诚意地 from the first 从一开始 例如： You may even have entered
15、 the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. 你甚至可以到店里去避避雨。 From the first I disliked him. 从一开始我就不喜欢他。 The number of people suffering from heart disease has increased. 患心脏病的人数已经上升了许多。 Allen and I are in the same history class, but his assignment is different from mine. 爱伦和我在同一个历史班，但他的作业跟我的不同。 7、Inassist in 帮助做某事 consist in 在于 engage in 从事，参与 give in 让步，妥协 specialize in 专攻，专门研究 take in 欺骗，收容 belief in 信仰，相信 a delight in 以为乐 an expert in 专家，能手 in fact 事实上 in the event of 万一 in ones opinion 据见解 in bloom 开着花 in the direction of 朝方向 in comparison with 与比较 in po
