《探析不同育苗基质对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《探析不同育苗基质对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响（17页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、探析不同育苗基质对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响探析不同育苗基质对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响摘要:以腐熟中药渣、泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩为原料，按照不同比例复配成4种育苗基质，选取南京市蔬菜所的通用型育苗基质作为对照，研究不同配比的育苗基质对黄瓜苗期生长的影响。结果表明：基质B 培育的黄瓜在株高、茎粗、根长、根表面积以及壮苗指数上均显著优于其他配比的育苗基质，育苗效果显著提高，可推荐作为黄瓜育苗的专用型育苗基质。Abstract: the rotten in the medical, peat, vermiculite and perlite as raw material, according to the diff
2、erent proportion distribution into 4 kinds of substrate, selection of nanjing vegetables universal seedling substrate as a comparison, the different proportion of substrate effects on cucumber seedling growth. Results show that the matrix B cultivation of cucumber in plant height, stem diameter, roo
3、t length, root surface area and strong seedling index were significantly better than other seedling substrate ratio, have significantly improved effect, can be recommended as a special seedling of cucumber seedling substrates.关键词:育苗基质；黄瓜；幼苗；生长；影响Key words: seedling substrate; Cucumber; Seedling; The
4、y grow. impacthttp:/ http:/ the constant improvement of the people quality requirements of survival environment, the rapid increase of fruits and vegetables supply and quality requirement. Seedlings factory production (hole plate seedling) for energy saving, high production efficiency, the quality i
5、s good, quick slow seedlings, the advantages of high survival rate, suitable for long distance transportation and more and more be taken seriously.育苗是蔬菜栽培的重要措施，育苗基质则是穴盘种苗生产的基础物质，而基质良好的理化性状直接影响秧苗的壮弱，从而影响到蔬菜的长势和产量。但是传统的育苗方法，具有土传性病害严重、成活率低、缓苗期长、生长发育慢等缺点1，已无法满足发展日益快速的农业生产。Seedlings is one of the importa
6、nt measures, vegetable cultivation of matrix is the hole plate seedling production base material, the substrate with good physical and chemical properties directly affect the seedlings strong weak, which affects the growth and output of the vegetables. But traditional seedling raising method, with s
7、oil http:/ http:/ disease serious, low survival rate, long slow seedling stage, slow growth of the disadvantage of 1, has been unable to meet the rapid development of agricultural production.自20世纪70年代丹麦和英国先后开发使用岩棉栽培技术以来，用于无土育苗、栽培的各种基质的研究逐步成为一个重要的课题2。基质是无土育苗的重要材料，它可以固定作物根系，提供根系营养，协调水分、养分和氧气供给的作用。早期大规
8、模使用的育苗基质，如泥炭、岩棉等，已逐渐显现出需要后期添加营养液和不可再生等缺点和局限性，这促使无土栽培逐步向环保型、技术型的方向转变3-5。新型有机基质，是指既不使用天然土壤也不使用传统的营养液灌溉植物根系，而是采用农业废弃物等经腐熟发酵、沤制和消毒而成的有机固态基质6。在本试验复配基质的有机原材料中，腐熟药渣由南京市蔬菜花卉科学研究所肥料厂发酵而成。Denmark and the UK has used since the 1970 s rock cotton cultivation techniques, various matrix for soilless seedling and
9、cultivation research has become an important topic of 2. Matrix is an important material of soilless seedling raising, it can be fixed crop root, root nutrition, coordination of water and nutrient and oxygen supply. Mass use of early seedling substrates, such as peat, rock wool, etc., has gradually
10、appeared late need to add the nutrient solution and non-renewable and other shortcomings and limitations, which prompted soilless cultivation gradually towards http:/ http:/ direction of the environmental protection, technical transformation 3-5. New organic substrate, refers to neither use the natu
11、ral soil or use traditional nutrient solution irrigation, plant roots, but use the rotten fermentation, such as agricultural waste retting and disinfection of organic solid matrix 6. Compound with matrix of organic raw materials in this test, the rotten liquid composed of nanjing FeiLiaoChang fermen
12、ted vegetables flowers science institute.基质的研究是基质育苗、栽培的基础和关键7-8，而基质的选择更是无土育苗、栽培成功与否的关键9。但是，目前国内外对育苗基质的研究主要集中在基质原料的研发，而在作物专用型育苗基质筛选方面的研究还不够充分。适宜的作物专用育苗基质的选择，不仅直接影响幼苗的生长速度和质量，而且影响了作物定植后的缓苗时间、产量及产值，更重要的是，筛选育苗基质是工厂化育苗的关键技术之一。因此，应根据基质原料、育苗种类等进行试验，筛选出适合于不同蔬菜品种，且育苗成本低、秧苗质量高的基质。Matrix of research is the bas
13、is of the matrix, cultivation of seedling and key 7-8, and the choice of substrate is the key to the success of soilless seedling and cultivation 9. But the current domestic and foreign research on nursery substrates are mainly concentrated in matrix materials research and development, and in specia
14、l crop seedling substrate screening research is not sufficient http:/ http:/ Appropriate crops specific substrate selection, speed and quality not only affects the growth of seedlings, and affected the crops after engraftment slow seedling time, yield and output value, and, more importantly, screeni
15、ng nursery substrates is one of the key technology of factory seedling. Therefore, we should according to the matrix material, seedling varieties, such as experiment, selected suitable for different vegetable varieties, and seedling substrate of low cost, high seedling quality.本试验以腐熟中药渣、泥炭、蛭石以及珍珠岩为原料，按照不同比例复配成4种育苗基质，然后对黄瓜进行育苗试验，研究不同配方的育苗基质对黄瓜幼苗生长情况的影响，以期筛选出适合黄瓜育苗的新型专用型育苗基质。Liquid in the experiment with rotten, peat, vermiculite and perlite as raw material, according to the different proportion distribution into 4 k
