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1、中学生英语学习常见错误中学生英语学习常见错误介词介词2006-11-15 10:45 【大 中 小】【我要纠错】误误 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.正正 We got to the top of the mountain at day break.析析 at 用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise， midday， noon， sunset， midnight， night.误误 Dont sleep at daytime正正 Dont sleep in daytime.析析 in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morn
2、ing / afternoon， 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter 等等。误误 We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.正正 We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.析析 in the morning， in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为 on， 如：on a cold morning， on the morning of July 14th误误 He
3、 became a writter at his twenties正正 He became a writter in his twenties析析这句话应译为：他在 20 多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词 in 来表示，而在具体岁数时用 at 来表示。误误 He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.正正 He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.析析 在具体年岁前用 at， 如：at the age of 12， at your age，等等。误误 We wen
4、t to swim in the river in a very hot day.正正 We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.析析 具体某一天要用介词 on， 又如：on New Years Day误误 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.正正 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.析析在节日的当天用 on，而全部节日期间用 at，Christmas 是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。误误 I havent see you
5、 during the summer holidays.正正 I havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.析析 during 表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而 for 表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：I havent see you for a long time. 而 through 用来表示时间时则为“整整，全部的时间”。如：It rained through the night.而 since 则
6、是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。误误 At entering the classroom， I heard the good news.正正 On entering the classroom， I heard the good news.析析 On 加动名词表示“一就”。本句的译文应是：我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如：on hearing 一听见， on arrival 一到达就（on 表示动作的名词）误误 In the beginning of the book， there are some interesting stories.正正 At the beginnin
7、g of the book， there are some interesting stories.析析 at the begining 与 at the end 都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而 in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the endat last 是指“最终，终于”之意。误误 Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.正正 By the end of next week. I will have finished this work.析析 by 引起的时间状语表示了
8、动作的截止点，其意思为“不迟于某一时刻将工作做完”，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：Ill be there by five oclock.而 till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：I wont finish this work till（until） next weekend.误误 He came to London before last weekend.正正 He had come to London before last weekend.正正 He came to London two week
9、s ago.析析 before 一般要与完成时连用，而 ago 则与一般过去时连用。误误 I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.正正 I have studied English for three years since I came here.析析 since 用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能用完成时态误误 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours.正正 I can help you re
10、pair this bike. You will get it in two hours.析析中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，而这个介词在英文中要用 in 而不要用after.其原因有二，after 多用于过去时，如：I arrived in New York. After three days， I found a job in the bank. after 加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，如：after three days， 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词 in.误误 Three days after he died.正正 After
11、 three days he died.正正 Three days later he died.析析 after 与 later 都可以用来表达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不同，after 在时间词前，而 later 在时间词后。误误 She hid herself after the tree.正正 She hid herself behind the tree.析析 after 多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，如：I run after him. After finishing my homework， I went to see a film. 而 behind
12、则多用于静态事物之后。误误 There is a beautiful bird on the tree.正正 There is a beautiful bird in the tree.析析 树上长出的果实，树叶要用 on， 而其他外来的人、物体均要用 in the tree.误误 Shanghai is on the east of China.正正 Shanghai is in the east of China.析析 在表达地理位置时有 3 个介词：in， on， to. in 表示在某范围之内； on 表示与某地区接壤；to 则表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east
13、of China.误误 I arrived at New York on July 2nd.正正 I arrived in New York on July 2nd.析析 at 用来表达较小的地方，而 in 用来表达较大的地方。at 常用于 at the school gate， at home， at a bus stop， at the station， at the cinema， at a small village.误误 He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road.正正 He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.析析 在门牌号码前要用 at， 并
14、要注意它的惯用法：at the end of the street， at the foot of the mountain， at the top of the page.误误 There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.正正 There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.析析 在屋内的角落应用 in，而墙的外角用 at，如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.误误 This weekend Ill stay in Uncle
15、Wangs.正正 This weekend Ill stay at Uncle Wangs.析析 要注意英文的特殊表达法，如：at a tailors shop （裁缝店）at a tailors， at the doctors （去看病） at the booksellers （在书店） at uncle Wangs （在王叔叔家）误误 Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper？正正 Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper？析析 在报纸上的新闻要用 in， 而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用 on.误误 The school will begin on September 1st.正正 School will begin on September 1st.析析这里的 school 应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，如：a
