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1、Book One Module 5 A lesson in a labPlanned by Hu Junli (胡俊丽), Shenzhen University Normal College Middle School Period 4 Grammar : Degrees of ComparisonTeachingTeaching objectives:objectives:To make the students grasp the usage of the degrees of comparison.ImportantImportant andand difficultdifficult
2、 points:points: To have the Ss understand all kinds of forms of degree of comparison. To enable the students to know how to use the degrees of comparison correctly.TeachingTeaching procedures:procedures:Step 1. Lead-inPresent the Ss the following sentences on the Bb and ask them to discove r what ki
3、nd of degrees of comparison .Jack speak English as fluently as Tom.This school is better than that one.This book is more interesting than that one.This room is less beautiful than that one.The weather is getting hotter and hotter.The harder you study, the more you will make progress.He works (the) h
4、ardest in his class.Then call the answers from the class. Answers: 1.原级; 2、3、4、5、6、均为.比较级; 7.最高级.Step 2. Grammar structureFirstly ask the Ss to make a summary about the structures of the degrees of comparison. Then check the answers. Answers：3 forms 原级、比较级和最高级。Step 3. Detailed Notes about Grammar Us
5、age原级的构成和用法原级的构成和用法 1）构成：形容词和副词的原级形式是形容词和副词的原形。 2）用法：当表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，用“as+原级adj./adv.+as”的结构；当表示双方不相等时，用“not as(so)+ 原级adj./adv.+as”的结构；当表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数+as+原级adj./adv.+as”的结构 。例如：He is as tall as Jack. / I speak English as fluently as you.Your bike is not as(so) new as hers.This road is thr
6、ee times as long as that one.比较级和最高级的构成和用法比较级和最高级的构成和用法 1）构成： 规则变化 单音节形容词以及少数以er,or 结尾的形容词和副词加er，est 例如： fast-faster-fastest; few-fewer-fewest; great-greater-greatest; clever-cleverer-cleverest norrow-norrower-norrowest. 以 e 结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以-ble,-ple 结尾的双音节形容 词和副词后，加r，st例如： large-larger-largest, a
7、ble-abler-ablest, simple-simpler-simplest 以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前面的元音字母发短元音时，该辅 音字母要双写，然后加er，est例如： hot-hotter-hottest 以辅音加 y 结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加 ly 构成的副词要将 y 改写 为 i，再加er，est例如： easy-easier-easiest, happy-happier-happiest early-earlier-earliest 一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前 more 或 most例如： beautiful-more beautiful-most
8、 beautiful; carefully-more carefully-most care fully 少数单音节或双音节形容词也加 more 和 most 构成比较级和最高级。例 如： tired-more tired-most tired; pleased-more pleased-mos pleased; crowded-more crowded-most crowded 不规则变化 原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级 good, wellbetterbest bad, illworseworst many, muchmoremost littlelessleast oldolder(较
9、老、较旧), elder（较年长）oldest(最老、最旧)， eldest(最年长)farfarter(较远的), further(进一步地)farest（最远的） furthest（最深刻地） 注意辨析 few-fewer-fewest 和 little-less-least 的差别: 前者是规则变化， 后者是不规则变化；前者用来修饰可数名词，后者用来修饰不可数名词。 2）用法： 比较级的用法比较级的用法 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”的结构表示。例 如： This book is better than that one. 表示一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级
10、 adj./adv.+than”的结构表示。例 如： This room is less beautiful than that one. 表示一个方面随另一个方面的程度而变化时，用“the +比较级（+主语+ 谓语），the +比较级（+主语+谓语）”的结构。例如： The harder he works, the happier he feels. The harder you study, the more knowledge you will get. 表示自身程度的改变“越来越-”时，用“比较级+and+比较级”结构表 示。如： The weather is getting cold
11、er and colder. The little girl becomes more and more beautiful. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：a)“倍数+as+原级 adj.+as+被比较对象”，例如：This river is four times as long as that one.（这条河是那条河的四倍长）b)“倍数+the+size(length, width, depth, height)+of+被比较对象”，例如：This river is four times the length of that one.（这条河是那条河的四倍长）c)“倍数+比较级 adj
12、.+than+被比较对象”，例如：This river is three times longer than that one.（这条河是那条河的四倍长/这条河比那条河长三倍） 注意： 在比较级的前面可以加上如下一些表示程度的状语，但要注意其含义的差 别。 a)any 加比较级, 表示疑问程度，译为“-一些”，“-一点”。例如 ： Are you feeling any better? b)no/not(any)加比较级, 表示否定程度，译为“并不-”。例如： Some grow no higher than your ankles. This film is not more interes
13、ting than that one. c)a bit, a little, slightly 加比较级, 表示“稍微，一点（些）”。例如： May I stay here a little longer? This problem is a bit more difficult than that one.d)many, much, a lot, greatly, (by)far, rather, a good(great) deal 等加比较级, 表示“-得多”。例如： Our school is much more beautiful than theirs. The people he
14、re are a great deal richer now than before. 附 by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面 ，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。例如：He is taller by far than his brothe r./ He is by far the taller of the two brothers. e)even, still 加比较级, 表示强调，译为“甚至更/还要-”。例如： He gets even stronger. Jack is tall, but Tom is still taller.f)“数词+名词+比
15、较级”表示确定的程度。例如：He is five years older than I. I got up an hour earlier than the others. 最高级的用法最高级的用法 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the +最高级”的结构表示 。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如： Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three. He works (the) hardest in his class. The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of Chin
16、a. 最高级可被序数词以及 by far, by no means, much, nearly, almost, not quite, nothing like 等词语修饰。例如： The Yangtze River is the worlds third longest river. How much did the second most expensive hat cost? This hat is by far / by no means / much / nearly / not nearly / almost / not quite / nothing like the biggest. 注意： a)作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。例如： He came (the) earliest of al
