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1、秋风清，秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。一、理论知识1. 直译法honeymoonmad cow diseasehot line talk showgene therapychain reactionbulls eyebicycle peoplemilky way靶心、骑自行车的人、银河2. 意译as timid as hare 胆小如兔day student 白天的学生in the dark 在黑暗中cash crops 现金庄稼胆小如鼠、走读生、一无所知、经济作物He had one foot in the grave.他已经有一只脚踏进坟墓了他已经是风烛残年了The medicinal
2、herb helps a cough.这种草药帮助咳嗽这种草药可以治疗咳嗽理解、表达（直译结合意译） 、校对二、词1. 根据词性确定词义The earth is not completely round.Lets go into the hall and have a look round.They are dancing in a round.He worked round the day.The boys eyes rounded with excitement.圆的 形容词转一转 副词一圈 名词一整天 介词睁得圆圆的 动词2. 根据上下文确定词义The story of their su
3、fferings moved us deeply.Work on the new building is moving quickly.The governments opinions on this matter havent moved.She moves in the highest circles of society.Unless the employers move quickly， there will be strike.打动进展改变生活采取措施3. 根据汉语表达习惯确定词义I think your suggestion will work.The new treatment
4、works like magic.My watch doesnt work.The sea works high.She worked her way to the front.The new regulation is working well.行得通疗效走汹涌起伏挤到执行4. 通过抽象化加以引申They have their smiles and tears.微笑和眼泪We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.单行道I have no head for mathematics.没有头脑欢乐与悲哀有来无
5、往没有天赋5. 通过具体化加以引申The car in front of me stopped， and I missed the green.绿色 绿灯Perhaps the only trouble with copper is tha at it is not hard enough for some uses.麻烦 缺点6. 增加原文中省略的部分Reading makes a full man； conference a ready man； writing an exact man. A fool and his words are soon parted； a man of gen
6、ius and his money.Without a sense of your fault， how can repentance an amendment be expected？Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的钱如果你对自己的错误都不能认识到，怎么能指望你悔改呢学生应该向老师学习，老师也应该向学生学习7. 从语法角度去省略The significance of a man is not in what he attained but
7、rather in what he longs to attain.It is the people who are really powerful.If winter comes， can spring be far behind？On July 1， 1997， Hong Kong returned to the Peoples Republic of China.Delivery must be affected within the time stated on the purchase order.人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到什么样的东西人民才是最强大的冬天来了，春天还
8、会远吗？1997 年 7 月，香港回归了中华人民共和国必须在购货单规定的时间交货8. 重复法This has been our positionbut not theirs.We talked of ourselves， of our prospects， of the journey， of the weather， of each otherof everything.He hated failure； he had conquered it all his life， risen above it， despised it in others.这一直是我们的立场而不是他们的立场我们谈到自
9、己，谈到前途，谈到旅程，谈到天气，谈到彼此的情况谈到所有的一切 事情他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且藐视别人的失败三、句1. 主语从句Whatever is worth doing should be done well.任何值得做的事情都应该做好It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪，他竟然没有看出自己的缺点2. 宾语从句I told him that because of the last condition， Id have to turn it down.我告诉他，
10、由于那最后一个条件，我只得谢绝We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.打开国门，实行开放，我们认为这是绝对必要3. 表语从句The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.问题是我们能否赢得大多数人民群众的支持His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.他对新闻界的
11、看法是，记者们不是支持他，就是反对他4. 同位语从句We know the fact that bodies possess weight.我们都知道物体具有重量这一事实We have reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion for testing truth.我们已经得出这样的结论：实践是检验真理的标准5. 定语从句He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.I told the story to Winson， who told it
12、 to his brother.It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle.6. 状语从句时间状语从句Directly he uttered these words there was a dead silence.他刚说出这些话，大家就沉默下来原因状语从句We had to put the meeting off， since so many people were absent.由于很多人没有来，会议只好延期条件状语从句It was better in case they were capt
13、ured.要是把他们抓到了，那就更好了让步状语从句No matter what I say or how I say it， he always thinks Im wrong.不管我说什么，也不管我怎么说，他总是认为我错了目的状语从句He emphasized it again and again， lest she should forget.他反复强调这一点，免得她忘记了结果状语从句The difference is such that all will perceive it.差别这么大，所有的人都看得出来四个维度对英语原文理解的深度，自身的汉语修养程度，对英语、汉语所在的两种文化、历史、 风土人情等的正确掌握，需要真正摆脱原文束缚，遣词造句尽量贴近原文，同时还要按照 汉语习惯来表达英语原文的内容。
