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1、英语的十一种句型英语的十一种句型1. 不及物动词不及物动词 主语主语+ 谓语谓语 eg: Birds fly. 2. 系动词系动词 主语主语+ 系动词系动词+ 表语表语 eg: He looked healthy. 3. 及物动词及物动词 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语 eg: Cats catch mice. 有时有时, 宾语部分是宾语部分是“疑问词疑问词+ 动词不定式宾语从句动词不定式宾语从句”常接常接“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”做宾语的动词有：做宾语的动词有： ask 询问，询问，decide 决定决定, consider 考虑考虑, discover 发现发现, expla
2、in 解释解释, forget 忘记忘记, find out 找出找出, guess 猜想猜想, know 知道知道, learn 学习学习, remember 记得记得, see 看到看到, settle 决定决定, tell 说出说出, understand 明白明白, wonder 想知道想知道eg: Im wondering how to run the washing machine. He explained how the machine was used. 4. 及物动词及物动词 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 间接宾语间接宾语+ 直接宾语直接宾语(双宾语双宾语) 常见的带双宾语的动词
3、有常见的带双宾语的动词有: ask, bring, buy, envy, find, get, give, hand, leave, lend, offer, order, pass, pay, send, show, spare, tell, rob, warn, wish eg: Pass me the pen, please. =Pass the pen to me, please.谓语间宾直宾谓语间宾直宾 谓语谓语 直宾直宾 间宾间宾 翻译翻译: “ 他带给我一支笔他带给我一支笔.”He brought me a pen.= He brought a pen to me. 当间接宾语是
4、代词时当间接宾语是代词时, 通常用通常用“主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 直接宾语直接宾语+ 介词介词 to+ 间接宾语间接宾语”的动词有的动词有: bring, carry, give, hand, offer, owe, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, take, write 常用常用“介词介词 for+ 间接宾语间接宾语”的动词有：的动词有：buy, choose, fetch, get, make, order 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 间接宾语间接宾语+ 直接宾语直接宾语 (疑问词疑问词+ 动词不定式动词不定式) 动词动词 advise, ask, inf
5、orm, remind, show, teach, tell 等常接等常接“疑问词疑问词+ 动词不定式动词不定式”作直接宾语作直接宾语 eg: I had to ask him how to send e-mail. He taught her how to skate. 思考思考: 以上两个句子的主语以上两个句子的主语. 宾语宾语. 直宾和间宾分别是什么直宾和间宾分别是什么? 5. 及物动词及物动词 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语+ 宾语补足语宾语补足语 (复合宾语复合宾语)能接宾语补足语的动词很多能接宾语补足语的动词很多,主要有以下的七种用法主要有以下的七种用法: 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+
6、 宾语宾语+宾补宾补 (形容词形容词) 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语+ 宾补宾补 (名词名词) 常用此句型的动词有常用此句型的动词有: call, choose, elect, make, name翻译翻译“他叫他的猫宝宝他叫他的猫宝宝 ”He called his cat Baby. 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语+ 宾补宾补 (副词副词)翻译翻译“我们看到他进去我们看到他进去.”We saw him in. 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语+ 宾补宾补 (不带不带 to 的动词不定式的动词不定式) 常接不带常接不带 to 的动词不定式的动词有的动词不定式的动词有: make, let
7、, have, feel, hear, notice, see, watch, observeeg: His terrible stories made our blood freeze. 翻译翻译“我看到他进来和出去我看到他进来和出去 ” I saw him come in and go out. 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语+ 宾补宾补 (带带 to 的动词不定式的动词不定式) 翻译翻译“提醒我写信给妈妈提醒我写信给妈妈 ”Remind me to write to mother.常接带常接带 to 的动词不定式的动词有的动词不定式的动词有: advise, allow, ask, b
8、eg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, help, intend, invite, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn, wish 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语+ 宾补宾补 (现在分词现在分词) 常接现在分词作宾补的动词有常接现在分词作宾补的动词有: catch, feel, find, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, not
9、ice, see, set, start, watch翻译翻译“ 他们感觉那辆小车跑得很快他们感觉那辆小车跑得很快.”They felt the car moving fast. 主语主语+ 谓语谓语+ 宾语宾语+ 宾补宾补 (过去分词过去分词) 常接过去分词作宾补的动词有常接过去分词作宾补的动词有: feel, get, have, hear, like, find, make, prefer, see, want, wish翻译翻译“ 我刚听到玻璃破了我刚听到玻璃破了.” I heard the glass broken just now.六六.主语主语+谓语谓语(不及物动词不及物动词)+
10、介词介词+宾语宾语 eg: He arrived in shanghai last night. 七七.It (形式主语形式主语)+ be +表语表语+ that 主语主语 + 谓谓 (+-)真正的主语真正的主语 eg: It is useful that you learn English well. 八八.There be + 主语主语 + 状语状语.(倒装句倒装句) eg. There are five students in the classroom.There is a girl under the tree. 九九.It (形式主语形式主语)+ be + adj.(表语表语) +
11、for/of )+ sb.+to do sth.真正的主语真正的主语 eg: It is very kind of you to help me. It is very important (for you) to learn English. 常接形容词作宾补的动词有常接形容词作宾补的动词有: break, cut, fill, get, hold, keep, leave, make, paint, pull, push, set, wash, wipe翻译翻译“ 我们马上就把一切准备好了我们马上就把一切准备好了.” We will get everything ready.十十.It i
12、s/was + 被强调成分被强调成分 + that (强调人或物时用强调人或物时用 that,强调人时用强调人时用 who)+剩余的其它成分剩余的其它成分.(强调句强调句) eg: It is you that/who are wrong. It was you that/who took my pen. It is the house that he lives in. It was the factory that we once worked in.十一。十一。 （谓语）（谓语）（副词（副词/宾语）：宾语）：Sit down, please. Open the door, please.
13、句子成分句子成分句子成分是组成句子的各个部分。按作用分成：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补句子成分是组成句子的各个部分。按作用分成：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补 足语、定语、状语和独立成分。足语、定语、状语和独立成分。 主语的构成：主语的构成：名词、代词、数词、定冠词某些形容词（表一类人） 、不定式及其短语、动名词 (v-ing)及其短语、：从句（主语从句） 、英文字母、介词短语 1：名词（n.）：分可数与不可数名词-Tom smiled. Water is a kind of matter. 2：代词（pron.）：人称代词的主格(I, He, She, They ,
14、We ,You ,It ) 、 名词性的物主代词( Mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs )、 指示代词(This, That , These, Those)、 不定代词(some, any, many, much, every, each, all, both,)、 疑问代词(who, what, , which, , whoever, whatever,) 3：数词（Numerals）基数词（one, two three,-）和序数词（the first, the second-） 4：定冠词某些形容词（表一类人） （The old, The
15、poor, The wounded, The dying, The rich-)谓语 动词用复数； 5：不定式及其短语:To see is to believe. It is very difficult (for you )to learn maths well. 6：动名词(v-ing)及其短语：Smoking is a bad habit There is no good smoking too much. 7：从句（主语从句）：That the earth goes round the sun is known to us allWhat he needs is a meal 8：英文字母（，）：A is bigger than B 9：介词短语:To Beijing is not very far. From Yu nan to Nanjing was a three-hour ride. 谓语的构成：谓语的构成： 及物动词（及物动词（vt.） 不及物动词（不及物动词（vi.） 系表结构系表结构(be+表语表语) 在句中能接宾语的动词被称作及物动词 vt. eg: The boys play football. We watch TV. 在句中不能够接宾语的动词被称作不及物动词 vi. eg:
