现在完成进行时的定义

《现在完成进行时的定义》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《现在完成进行时的定义（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

1、.现在完成进行时的定义 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去。2. 现在完成进行时的构成现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词“构成3. 现在完成时的基本用法: 1)在强调指出动作还未结束,还要继续下去。如:Ive been reading this book for two hours, but I havent finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了,但我还没读完。Ive read this book.我已读完这本书了。2)强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。She has always been working l

2、ike that.她一贯是这样工作的。3)动作不包含持续意义的动作,要表示延续到现在的动作,要用现在完成进行时。Theyve been building a ship.(在进行)他们一直在造一艘船。4)现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别1)现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较:Weve been living here for ten years.Weve lived here for ten

3、 years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。2)在不用时间状语的情况下,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。 如: The students have been preparing for the exam.(还在进行)学生们一直在准备考试。The students have prepared for the exam.(已经结束)学生们为考试作了准备。3)有些表示状态,感情,感觉的动词如:have, exist, like, hate, hear, know, sound 等动词不能用于现在完 成进行时,但可用于现在完成时。如:Theyve known each

4、other since 1970.自从 1970 年起他们就相互认识了。 三、汉译英。1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。 2、 他昨天收到一封 3、 我父亲以前到过长城。4、她还没有看过那部新电影。 5、 她去过上海。6、 他这些天上哪儿去了1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.2、He received a letter yesterday.3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.4、She hasnt seen the new film yet.5、S

5、he has been to Shanghai.6、Where has he been these days？1. 所谓点动词是指含有终止或短暂意义的动词。如：begin, end, die, buy, borrow, come, arrive, join, marry 等动词。它们通常不与表示一段时间的状语连用。如： I have bought a book.我买了一本书。 Ive had this book for three weeks.这本书我已经买了三星期了。某些非延续性动词可以与 since 连用，表示重复的动作或状态。如： I have met her often since I

6、 moved here.They have gone fishing five times since last spring. 有些非延续性动词现在完成时在否定结构中可以与 since 或 for 短语连用。如： He has never touched beer for a whole week. I havent bought anything for a year. 3. has been to 和 has gone to 的区别 has been to 表示“曾经去过”说明所提及的对象一回到说话地点 has gone to 表示“去”说明所提及的对象不在说话地点。如： Ive bee

7、n to Beijing for many times.我到过北京很多次了。 Tom has gone to Beijing and will come back next week.汤姆已到北京去了，下星期才回来。 4. have got 的含义 have got 形式上是现在完成时，却和 have 是同一个意思 She has got a slight temperature. She has a slight temperature.她有点发烧。 Have you got a new dictionary? Do you have a new dictionary?你有一本新字典吗？ 5

8、. 注意下面各句的意思： He has gone for two days. 他走了，将离开两天。= He has gone and will be away for two days. She has come for a week. 她来了，要呆一个星期。= She has come and will stay here for a week. I havent heard from her since she lived in Nanjing. 自从她离开南京以来，我一直没有她的音信。2)现在完成时可以和带有 since 或 for 等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻

9、开始，一 直持续到现在。如：I havent seen him for two years. 但是，像 come,arrive,buy 等终止性动词不能与表 示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be(在)”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动 词到延续性动词的转换： arrivebe here begin(start)be on die be dead come backbe backleave be away fall ill(sick,asleep)be ill(sick,asleep)get upbe up go out be outfinish be over put

10、on wear 或 be on open be open join be in 或 be a member ofclose be closed go to schoolbe a studentborrow keep buy have catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know knowbegin to studystudy come to workwork 等如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。The fil

11、m has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。We have studied English for three years. 我们(开始)学英语已三年了。4.4.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对 现在产生的结果或影响等，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。试比较：I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到)I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把 新书丢了。(昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明)