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1、1倒裝倒裝一倒装的意义 1适应一定语法结构的需要，主要是指表达疑问句结构的需要。 【例】How can I get to the railway station? 2为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放在句首，构成倒装。 【例】Only in this way can we learn English well. So early did he come to school that no other children came. 3为了保持句子平衡。 【例】Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.“Me,too,” s
2、aid the boy anxiously 二倒装的种类与用法：1.完全倒装完全倒装 2.部分倒装部分倒装 【例】In came the headmaster, followed by a group of teachers.（完全倒装） There goes the bell.（完全倒装） Never shall I do that again.（部分倒装） Would you like to say something?（部分倒装） 一）完全倒装一）完全倒装 谓语动词全部放到主语前面（主要用于一般现在时和一般过去时，其他时态不能使用） 。 1用于 there be 结构， “There b
3、e+主语+地点” 。 【例】： There are many students in the classroom. There is a bag, two books and several candles on the desk. 注意注意：其中动词 be 也可以是其他词，如 lie, stand 等。 There in Greece lived a famous thinker, named Aristotle. 2表示方位、方向、频率的“here，there，out，in，up，down，away, off, now，then, often, always 等副词作状语在句首，且名词作主
4、语时，引起完全倒装以表示强调。构成 “副词 +不及物动词+主语”的结构，例如：Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes your turn. Out went the children. 注意注意：当主语代词作时，主谓语序不变。例如：Here it is. / Here we are Here he comes. / There he goes. 3当表示地点的介词词组为句首状语时，也常常引起全部倒装。 【例】：South of the city lies a big steel factory. From the valley ca
5、me a frightening sound. West of the lake lies the famous city. 还如：in front of / on top of / outside the room/ inside the house 等词组 4 “主+系+表”结构中表语置于句首时，构成“表语+连系动词+主语” 的倒装结构 1）形容词+连系动词+主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 2）过去分词+连系动词+主语2Gone are the da
6、ys when they would do what they liked. (的日子过去了) 3）介词短语+be+主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. 5用于 so，nor，neither 开头的句子表示重复前句部分内容，该句的谓语与前句谓语的时 态、形式相一致。两句话应是不同主语。 【例】： He has been to Beijing. So have I. Li Wei cant answer the question. Neither can I. 注意注意：1）上述情况适用于两个不同主语
7、的情况。如果两句话是同一个主语，后句是对前 一句的肯定和强调，不能倒装，而应用正常语序。 【例】：- You have forgotten to mail the letter for me. - So I have. 2）如两句谈的是不同的事情，谓语不同，则应用 So it is with sb 的结构。 They can play basketball but they cant sing well. So it is with us. 6用于主句主语是名词的直接引语中；主语是代词时，一般不用倒装。 【例】： “Lets go,”said the man. “Please close th
8、e door,” said the teacher. 7为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。 【例】：They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.Inside the classroom are the students and the teacher。 二）部分倒装二）部分倒装 助动词或是情态动词放在主语前面，行为动词放在主语后面。 1用于疑问句 Do you speak English? What are you listening to? 注意注意： 疑问代词作主语或疑问代词引导名词
9、从句时，句子或从句为正常语序。 【例】： Who is the in the room?Which team won the match? What they will do hasnt been decided. 2有否定意义的副词放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有：barely, hardly, little, never, rarely, seldom, scarcely; at no time, in no time, in no way, not for a moment, not a single day, not only, not once, under no condi
10、tion,等。 【例】： Little did I think he is a spy. Never shall I do this again. Not once had they gone there. In no time will they do the job. Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain. No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang. 3 only 放在句首，强调状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句等） ，语序要部分倒装。 （only 后面跟副词、介词短语或状
11、语从句） 。 【例】： Only this afternoon did I finish the novel. Only in this way can you master English. Only in this way can we get in touch with them. Only because he was ill was he absent from school. 注意注意：only 放在句首强调主语时，语序不必倒装。 【例： Only Mr. Wang knows abut it. Only he can do it well.3Only when he told m
12、e did I realize what trouble he was in. 4用于 not until (直到才)+状语的结构中和 hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan(一就)的句型中。 【例】： Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. Not until yesterday did he know the results of the exams. No sooner had the work been done than they went back home. Hardly had
13、we finished the project when they arrived to offer help. 5在虚拟语气中，虚拟条件状语从句中如有 were, had, should, 和 were to 等助词，则可以 省略 if，从句构成倒装。 【例】： Should he be here next week, he would help us with the problem. Were there no light, we could see nothing. Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exa
14、mination. 6用于 Not only , but also结构中。 Not only + 助词+主语， but also +正常语序。 【例】：Not only do I know him, but also I am his close friend. 7在 “sothat” 结果状语从句中，如果强调 so放在句首，主句需要部分倒装。 【例】： So excited was she at the news that she couldnt say a word. So well did they do it that they were given high praise for i
15、t. 8用于某些表示祝愿的句子。 【例】： May you succeed! Long live France! May God bless us! 三）主题前置强调主题前置强调 用于 as（though）引导的让步状语从句中。 “形容词（或名词、动词、副词） +as（though）引导的让步状语从句” 。 【例】： Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he could, he might fall again. Much as I respect him, I can not agree with his idea.Praised as h
16、e was, he remained calm. 注意注意：如果从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。Child as he was, he had to make a living. =Though he was a child, he had to make a living.【专项训练专项训练】 1、 that we all went out, lying in the sun. AThe weather so fine wasBSo fine was the weather CSo the weather was fineDSo was fine weather 2、Under hi
