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1、语法填空考纲解读和试题分析语法填空考纲解读和试题分析一、语法填空究竟考什么？一、语法填空究竟考什么？ 仔细研读2013 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东(一模)卷）英语考试 大纲的说明中的样题，从试题说明部分，您会有什么发现？ 不难看出：1、该题型主要考两方面的内容：一是语法，二是上下文的连贯性，而且语法是重点。它主要考查考生对高中英 语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表达方式的掌握情 况。2、命题特点：语法填空是 2007 年高考广东卷的新题型，该题共 10 小题，每小题 15 分，满 分 15 分，应该在 10 分钟之内完成。它以语篇为载体，考查学生的语法和词汇 知识
2、。文章长约 150 词(样题 152 词)，平均设空密度约为 15 词一空，基本不影 响对语境的把握，要求根据上下文意思填入恰当的具一定语法功能的词。与传 统的完形填空题不同，传统的完形填空题侧重考查语篇能力，而语法填空侧重 考查的是语境加语法，而语法又占据了关键性的地位。词汇的考查涉及动词、 代词、名词、连词、冠词、介词、形容词等。语法项目则包括非谓语动词、定 语从句、时间状语从句、并列句、形容词、副词的比较级、系表结构等。每个 空格应该以语法为单位，不一定只填一词(特别是谓语动词 或非谓语动词形式)， 除谓语或非谓语动词及派生词给出提示词外，其他空均不设选择项、不给提示 词。二、语法填空究
3、竟考什么哪些语法项目？二、语法填空究竟考什么哪些语法项目？ （了解语法框架，做到心中有数） 2013 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）英语考试大纲的说明、 普通高中英语课程标准(实验)中明确了高中阶段的语法学习应该从语言运 用的角度出发，把语言的形式、意义和用法有机地结合起来，在语境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能。根据“课标”及考试大纲的要求，考生应掌握 24 个语法项目，包括：1、名词 (可数名词及其单复数；不可数名词；专有名词；名词所有格)； 2、代词(人称代词；物主代词；反身代词；指示代词；不定代词；疑问代词)； 3、数词(基数词；序数词)； 4、介词和介词短语； 5、连词； 6、形
4、容词(比较级和最高级)； 7、副词(比较级和最高级)； 8、冠词(定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词)；9、动词(动词的基本形式；系动词；及物动词和不及物动词；助动词；情态动 词)； 10、时态(一般现在时；一般过去时；一般将来时；现在进行时；过去进行时； 过去将来时； 将来进行时；现在完成时；过去完成时；现在完成进行时)； 11、被动语态； 12、非谓语动词(动词不定式；动词的-ing 形式；动词的-ed 形式)； 13、构词法(合成法；派生法；转化法；缩写和简写)； 14、句子种类(陈述句；疑问句；祈使句；感叹句)； 15、句子成分(主语；谓语；表语；宾语；定语；状语；补语)； 16、简单句的基本句
5、型；（五种句型） 17、主谓一致； 18、并列复合句； 19、主从复合句(宾语从句；状语从句；定语从句；主语从句；表语从句)； 20、间接引语； 21、省略； 22、倒装； 23、强调； 24、虚拟语气。 要特别关注重点的语法项目：现在完成进行时、将来进行时、强调、虚拟语气、 动词（时态、语态、非谓语形式）、词类转换、连词、冠词、副词、从句等。动词动词词类转换词类转换代代词词介介词词连词连词冠词冠词点数量年份点数量年份时态 语态非谓语形变副名变形动变名比最较比最较高级级高级级名从定从状从并连2007101100022110012008101010122100102009111001022010
6、01201010110012101101201110110012101101201210200011111101三、语法填空解题微技巧三、语法填空解题微技巧考生在做语法填空题时，可以用一种“由大到小”的思路去思考答案。也 就是说，可以从“篇章、句子、词汇”三个层面去考虑。 1、通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脉。2、巧用已知，连线画图、降低难度、铺平道路。 3、理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破。 4、重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通。做完题后，应该静下心来，仔细复读全文，关注自己所填的词语是否符合原 意，从语意贯通、逻辑合理的角度，认真复查答案的合理性和正确性，尤其注 意动词、
7、连词介词的搭配以及名词的形式等。5、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）。 四、专题训练的基本步骤：循序渐进四、专题训练的基本步骤：循序渐进 、单句专题训练：（精选改编高考题：主谓一致；连词） 、句群专题训练 、篇章专题训练近几年语法填空真题解读近几年语法填空真题解读2013年年阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当 的词或者括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 1625 的相应位置上。One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious f
8、ood in the kitchen .Suddenly, he 16 (find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, ”Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 too little.”His son looked surprised.”I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less,
9、18 not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very 19 (reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like outs,” Nick said.Nicks guests, 20 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy sale more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,” The only reason a man would
10、sell sale 21 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldnt 23 (possible) destroy a village.”“In the
11、 beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little ,always 25 (think) that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up today.”2012年年阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 1625 的相应位置上。Mary
12、 will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he _17_ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_ (please), because there were m
13、any empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_ last row._20_ he thought he cloud escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _21_ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn a
14、round, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_ made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.” “Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in
15、class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do. Then he took _25_ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.2011年年One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festiv
16、al. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 (mental) disabled. Behind him were oth
