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1、1定语从句定语从句 1何为定语从句？何为定语从句？ 在复合句中，用一个由主谓结构的陈述句修饰某一个名词或代词的句子就叫定语从 句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的叫关系词。关系词的作用有三：一是 放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；二是在从句中担当一个成分，三是重复先行词的 意义，故其数与先行词一致。2由关系词引导的定语从句由关系词引导的定语从句关系词关系词先行词先行词从句从句成分成分例句例句备注备注Who人主语宾语1 The man who I met today told me to come back.2 What do you think of the boy who is
2、performing on the stage?Whom人宾语1.The girl (whom) I met looks like Lily.2.I know the actor to whom you just talked.That人、物主语宾语1.The plane that has just flown is for GZ.2.I am not the fool (that) you thought me to be.Which物主语宾语1.This is a book which describes Canada.2.The pen (which) you lent me is mi
3、ssing.Whose人、物定语1.This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. 2.The room whose window is red is mine.关系代词As人、物主宾表状1.Li Bai is a famous poet, as everybody knows.2.He studies in the same college as I do.Whom, that, which 在从句中作宾语时，在非正式文体中常可省略，但介词提前时，不能用 that, whom, which不可省。Whose=of w
4、hom 指人，whose=of which 指物When时间1.Dont forget the time when we met her.2.It happened on the day when I was out.when 可用in/on which 代替Where地点1.This is the place where we lived last year.2.I recently went to the town where I was born.where 可用in/at which 代替关系副词why原因状语1. The reason why he didnt come was th
5、at he missed his train.why 可用 for which 代替注意： 先行词表示地点时，有时用 where，有时用 that/which 引导定语从句。这时要根据从句 的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词来判断。如果 vt.是就用 that/which，否则就用 where。 Eg. This is the house where he lived.This is the house that / which he visited. 关系副词 why 引导的定语从句的先行词只有 reason 一词。可以转换为 for which，有时 也可以用 that 或者省略。 Eg.
6、 The reason (why / for which / that) I bought the roses is that my girlfriend likes them. how 不能用作关系副词，不能引导定语从句。引导表示方式 the way 的定语从句用 that 或 in which，常省略 that 或 in which。 Eg. This is the way (in which / that ) we did it. = This is how we did it. 23 只能用只能用 that 的情况的情况 All, everything, anything, nothi
7、ng (something 除外)，little, much 等不定代词作先行词时； Eg. You must do everything that I do. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及 first, last, only, very 等词修饰时； Eg. James is the best singer that I have ever known. 当先行词既指人又指物时； Eg. We talked about the things and persons that we remembered in school. 先行词被 the only, the very 修饰时； Eg
8、. She is the only person that I want to see. 先行词被 all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some 修饰时； Eg. Please send us any information that you have about the subject. 当句中已有 who 时，为避免重复。 Eg. Who is the person that is talking to our headmaster? 4. As 在定语从句中的用法在定语从句中的用法 As 可用作关系代词或关系副词，在所引导的限制性定语从句中，既
9、可做主语，宾语， 又可作状语，As 代替的先行词既可是人，又可是物，或整个句子。 Eg. Such students as were praised just now worked hard. (as 做主语) Such books as I borrowed yesterday are all here. (as 做宾语) Please do it in the same way as I did. (as 做状语) As we all know, his grandpa was killed in the war. (as 做宾语) 在 the sameas 结构中，有时也可用 the s
10、amethat，但两者句意不同，as 表示“相似 性” ，that 表示“同一性” Eg. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.（两者相似，但不是同一个） This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.（即是同一个）5改错 The guide to which you talked is a good hunter.He still remembered the men and books which interested him then.The shirt is not expensive for him
11、 that his uncle likes.Children eat much sugar get bad teeth.This is who everyone respects.Those who has finished may leave the classroom now.The woman who teach us English is Jenny.This is one of the houses that is free now.3Homework: 1. a) The man _ she married last year was a soldier. b) The man _
12、 she was married was a soldier. A. whom B. to whom C. with whom D. whose 2. a) The day _ she spend with us was never to be forgotten. b) The day _ she played with us was never to be forgotten. A. / B. on which C. when D. which3.a) Is this the factory _ you visited last week? b) Is this factory _ you
13、 visited last week? A. where B. which C. to which D. the one4.a) The house _ window faces south is for the doctor. b) the house _ faces south is for the doctor. A. which B. that C. whose D. where5.a) She brought forward a plan _ we didnt agree. b) She brought forward a plan _ we couldnt accept. A. /
14、 B. which C. that D. to which6.a) The invention _ she spent two years will do good to the world. b) The invention _ took her two years will do good to the world. A. which B. / C. on which D. when14. a) This is one of the best novels _ published last year. b) This is the only one of the best novels _
15、 published last year. A. which were B. which was C. that were D. that was16. a) She has two skirts, _ were bought last summer. b) She has two skirts, _ were bought last summer. A. Both of which B. both of them C. both of which D. Both of them17. a) He has many children, some of _ are workers. b) He
16、has many children, and some of _ are workers. A. which B. that C. them D. whom18. a) I was surprised that he did the same _ I had done.b) I was surprised that he didnt like the way _ I had done. A. that B. which C. on which D. as 19. a) _ is well known that great changes have taken place in China recently. 4b) _ is well known, great changes have taken place in China r
