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1、高考名高考名词词性从句复性从句复习习 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因 此，名词性从句成分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 一、引一、引导导名名词词性从句的性从句的连连接接词词 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省
2、略；if (whether), as if 虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 二、主二、主语语从句从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用 it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. 3、that 引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 注意：that 从句作主语和宾语时，可以用 it 来替换成以下几种结构表达
3、。 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that (B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that . (C)It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that （D）It seems/happens that 如： It happened that I went out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. 三、表三、表语语从句从句 1、表语从句
4、在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g. The question was who could go there. 四、四、宾语宾语从句从句 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词 that 一般可省略。e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right. 2 宾语从句中的连接词 that 有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中 that 不能省略：（A）当 that 从句和主句谓 语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that 不可省略；（B）当 that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作 宾语时，that 不能省；（C）当 that 作介词
5、宾语时，that 不可省掉。如： He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. 3、whether 和 if 的用法。 1）whether 和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用 whether。如： It all depends on whether the
6、y will come back. 2）后面直接跟 or not 时用 whether。如： I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan. 3）主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用 whether。如： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. The question is whether they have so much money. We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we ca
7、n do it or not. 4）whether 常与 or 连用表示一种选择，if 不能这样用The question of whether they are male or female is not important. 5）whether 也可与动词不定式连用但 if 不能。如： I have not decided whether to go or not. 6）宾语从句提前时用 whether 不用 if。如： Thank you, but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment. 7）引导条件状语从句时， 必须用 if . I
8、f it rains tomorrow , we wont go to the Summer Palace . 五、同位五、同位语语从句从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如： news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea 、promise 等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 注意: 同位语从句与定
9、语从句中 that 的区别。 同位语从句中的连词 that 只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词 that 在句中做 宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词 that 而不能用 which.同位语从句一 般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词： news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea、promise 等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限 定和修饰。如： They expressed the hope that they would come
10、to visit China again. The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 六、疑六、疑问词问词 + ever 和和 no matter + 疑疑问词问词的区的区别别。 。 疑问词 + ever 可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如： Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. You can choose whatever you like in the shop. 疑问词 + ever 还可引导让步状语从句。如： Whoever br
11、eaks the rule, he must be punished, Whatever you do, you must do it well. no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如： No matter what you do, you must do it well. No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 七、名七、名词词性从句中主句和从句的性从句中主句和从句的时态时态一致一致 （1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍 用一般现在时。如： He
12、llo, I didnt know you were in London. How long have you been here? The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed. （2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由 and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句 作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如： When the meeting will begin _not been decided yet. When they will start and
13、where they go _not been decided yet. When and where the meeting will begin _not been decided. 八、名八、名词词性从句的性从句的词词序序 名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如： He asked me what was the matter with me. Weve heard the news that well move into the new house. Whatever you say will interest us all. 九、九、that 和和 what 的区的区别别 that 引导
14、名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而 what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定主语、宾语、表语或定语，what 的意思是:“什么, 的.” What surprised me most is her cheerful expression on her face. 名名词词性从句性从句专项练习专项练习 一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：1. China is no longer what it used to be. 2. The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to
15、all. 3. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all. 4. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 5. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. 6. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 7 He spoke as if he understood what he wa
16、s talking about. 8. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 9. I wonder why she refused my invitation. 二、历届高考名词性从句试题1._ you have done might do harm to other people. ( 87 )A. ThatB. WhatC. WhichD. This 2. They have no idea at all _. ( 87 )A. where he has goneB. where did he goC. which place he has goneD. where he has gone 3. _ leaves the room last ought to turn o
