《法庭翻译基本词汇》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《法庭翻译基本词汇（49页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、ENGLISH LEGAL GLOSSARYABANDONMENT - A parents or custodians act of leaving a child without adequate care, supervision, support, or parental contact for an excessive period of time. Also, the desertion of one spouse by the other with the intent to terminate the marriage relationship.ABATEMENT OF ACTI
2、ON - A suit which has been quashed and ended.ABSTRACT - A summary of a larger work, wherein the principal ideas of the larger work are contained.ABSTRACT OF RECORD - A short, abbreviated form of the case as found in the record.ABSTRACT OF TITLE - A chronological summary of all official records and r
3、ecorded documents affecting the title to a parcel of real property. ACCESSORY - A person who aids or contributes in the commission of a crime.ACCOMPLICE - One who knowingly, voluntarily, and intentionally unites with the principal offender in the commission of a crime. A partner in a crime.ACCORD -
4、A satisfaction agreed upon between the parties in a lawsuit which bars subsequent actions on the claim.ACCORD AND SATISFACTION - A method of discharging a claim upon agreement by the parties to give and accept something in settlement of the claim.ACCUSATION - A formal charge against a person, to the
5、 effect that he has engaged in a punishable offense.ACCUSED - The generic name for the defendant in a criminal case.ACKNOWLEDGMENT - 1. A statement of acceptance of responsibility. 2. The short declaration at the end of a legal paper showing that the paper was duly executed and acknowledged.ACQUIT -
6、 To legally certify the innocence of one charged with a crime. To set free, release or discharge from an obligation, burden or accusation. To find a defendant not guilty in a criminal trial.ACQUITTAL - In criminal law, a finding of not guilty. In contract law, a release, absolution, or discharge fro
7、m an obligation, liability, or engagement.ACTION - Case, cause, suit, or controversy disputed or contested before a court of justice.ADJUDICATE - To determine finally.ADJUDICATION - Giving or pronouncing a judgment or decree. Also the judgment given.ADMINISTRATOR - 1. One who administers the estate
8、of a person who dies without a will. 2. A court official.ADMISSIBLE - Pertinent and proper to be considered in reaching a decision.ADMISSIBLE EVIDENCE - Evidence that can be legally and properly introduced in a civil or criminal trial.ADMISSION - Voluntary acknowledgment of the existence of certain
9、facts relevant to the adversarys case.Page 1 Rev. 2/8/01ENGLISH LEGAL GLOSSARYADMONISH - To advise or caution. For example the Court may caution or admonish counsel for wrong practices.ADOPTION - To take into ones family the child of another and give him or her the rights, privileges, and duties of
10、a child and heir.ADVERSARY SYSTEM - The trial method used in the U.S. and some other countries. This system is based on the belief that truth can best be determined by giving opposing parties full opportunity to present and establish their evidence, and to test by cross-examination the evidence pres
11、ented by their adversaries. All this is done under the established rules of procedure before an impartial judge and/or jury.AFFIANT - A person who makes and signs an affidavit.AFFIDAVIT - A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having aut
12、hority to administer oaths. For example, in criminal cases, affidavits are often used by police officers seeking to convince courts to grant a warrant to make an arrest or a search. In civil cases, affidavits of witnesses are often used to support motions for summary judgment.AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE - W
13、ithout denying the charge, the defendant raises circumstances such as insanity, self-defense, or entrapment to avoid civil or criminal responsibility.AFFIRMED - In the practice of appellate courts, the word means that the decision of the trial court is correct.AGENT - One who has authority to act fo
14、r another.AGGRAVATED ASSAULT - An attempt to cause serious bodily injury to another or purposely, knowingly or recklessly causing such injury, or an attempt to cause or purposely or knowingly cause bodily injury to another with a deadly weapon.AGGRAVATED BATTERY - The unlawful use of force against a
15、nother with unusual or serious consequences such as the use of a dangerous weapon.AGGRAVATING FACTORS - Any factors associated with the commission of a crime which increase the seriousness of the offense or add to its injurious consequences.AGREED STATEMENT OF FACTS - A statement of all important fa
16、cts, which all the parties agree is true and correct, which is submitted to a court for ruling.AGREEMENT - A mutual understanding and intention between two or more parties. The writing or instrument which is evidence of an agreement. (Although often used as synonymous with contract, agreement is a broader term.)AID AND ABET - Help, assist, or facilitate the commission of a crime.ALFORD PLEA - A special type of guilty plea by which a defendant does not admit g
