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1、兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）1摘摘 要要进入二十一世纪，人 类面临着实现经济和社会可持续发展的重大挑战，而能源问题日益严重 。人类需要解决能源问题，实现可持续发展，只能依靠科技进步，大规模开发利用可再生能源和 新能源。而太阳能和风能被看做是最具有代表性的新能源和可再生能源， 由于风力发电和太阳能发电系统均受到外部条件的影响，光靠独立的风力或太阳能发电系统经常会难以保证系统供电的连续性和稳定性，因此，在采用风光互补的混合发电系统来进行相互补充，实现连续、稳定地供电。本设计重点针对 小型风光互补发电系统 中蓄电池充放电控制模块和逆变器模块进行了设计及仿真。设计针对目前市场上传统充电控制器对蓄电池的
2、充放电控制不合理，同时保护也不够充分，使得蓄电池的寿命缩短这种情况，研究确定了一种基于单片机的太阳能充电控制器的方案。在太阳能对蓄电池的充放电方式、控制器的功能要求和实际应用方面做了一定分析，完成了硬件电路设计和软件编制并通过proteus仿真软件进行仿真，实现了对蓄电池的高效率管理。逆变环节采用 PWM调制方式，控制芯片为 PIC16F73，简化了驱动电路设计。软件设计中，采用瞬时电压反馈，增加了电路保护等功能，论文阐述了软件设计总体思想构架，给出了程序代码。 最后,利用单片机仿真软件 proteus对系统进行仿真并给出仿真原理图及仿真波形。关关键键词词：风光互补 ；风能；太阳能；控制； P
3、roteus 仿真兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）2Abstract Entering the 21st century, human beings are facing to realize the sustainable development of economy and society, and energy problem becomes more and more serious. Only by relying on the progress of science and technology and the large-scale exploitation and utilizat
4、ion of renewable energy and new energy can human solve the problem of energy. And solar and wind power are considered the most representative of new and renewable energy, The power technology of solar energy and wind attack worlds attention. Because of wind power and solar power system under externa
5、l conditions, and only by independent wind or solar power systems often hard to ensure the continuity and consistency of power system therefore, using hybrid power system of complementary scenery to complement each other, realize the continuous, stable power supply. This design mainly for small wind
6、-light complementary system of battery charging and discharging control module and inverter module for the design and simulation. The conventional charge controller on the market today on the battery charge and discharge control is unreasonable, and its protection is also inadequate, which makes the
7、 battery life to shorten. To solve this problem, the design identifies a solar charge controller based on single chip solution. In the solar energy to battery charge and discharge means, the controller of the functional requirements and the practical application aspects ,making some analysis, comple
8、ted the hardware circuit design and software development, to achieve the high efficiency of the battery management. In the inverter part ,the paper use PWM inverter link, and the control chip is PIC16F73,this makes the system simple. In the software design, the paper uses the transient voltage feedb
9、ack and meanwhile, increase circuit protection function, the paper also elaborates the overall framework of software design and displays program code. Finally, the paper uses single chip computer simulation software the Proteus simulink the system and gives the simulation principle diagram and wavef
10、orm.Keyword: Wind and PV hybrid; Wind power; Solar power; Control; Proteus simulation兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）3目录目录摘 要 .1Abstract.21 绪论.51.1 能源问题.51.2 风能太阳能的概况.51.3 风光发电的发展概况.52 风光互补发电系统整体结构.83 光伏发电介绍.93.1 太阳能光伏电池的原理.93.2 太阳能电池板的计算.104 蓄电池充电控制器的设计.134.1 系统层次原理图.134.2 单片机最小系统.144.2.1 STC89C52 的简介.144.2.2 单片机的最小系统及扩展电路.144.3 充放电电路.154.4 光耦驱动电路.164.5 A/D 转换电路.
