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1、 本本科科毕毕业业论论文文糯玉米材料铝胁迫下表型变异及耐性材料筛选指导教师 教授教授 助研助研学院名称 专业名称论文提交日期 论文答辩日期I摘 要采用营养液培养法，对 100 份糯玉米自交系的铝胁迫耐性进行了评价。0.2mmol/L的 Al3+胁迫条件下，营养液培养 12d，测量糯玉米幼苗生理性状的 8 个指标，包括苏木精着色度、叶绿素相对含量、茎叶鲜重、茎叶干重、株高、主根长、根鲜重、根干重。对糯玉米自交系进行铝胁迫耐性鉴定，综合筛选出 8 份铝胁迫耐性相对较强的糯玉米自交系。研究表明，不同的糯玉米自交系之间在铝胁迫耐性上存在着很大的差异。对玉米幼苗的 8 个生理指标进行相关性分析，在铝胁迫
2、下，糯玉米各生理指标均受影响，特别是根部性状。主根伸长明显受到抑制，并且侧根生长受阻，糯玉米幼苗叶绿素的相对含量下降。由于幼苗叶绿素相对含量下降，导致幼苗茎叶的生长受到影响，造成整株幼苗的生物量下降。根鲜重下降变幅 0.117-0.882g，根干重下降变幅 0.0149-0.0989g，茎叶鲜重 0.264-1.968g，茎叶干重 0.0468-0.2114g，不同糯玉米自交系下降的幅度差异大，各自交系铝胁迫的耐性差异显著。8 个生理指标的相关性强，可以根据这些生理指标进行自交系的筛选。根据幼苗 8 个生理指标统计分析得出糯玉米自交系耐铝性较强的有G10、G35、G48、G54、G83、G88
3、、G99、G103、G159 等 8 个自交系，铝胁迫下耐性较强的自交系幼苗的根部及茎叶部的生理活性较强，光合效率高，根尖受铝毒害较轻，苏木精着色等级较小。 关键字： 糯玉米自交系 铝胁迫 生理指标 耐铝性IIPhenotypic Variation and Al-Tolerance Screening Waxy Maize Material under Aluminum StressLiao Yishu（College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, , China）Abstract: The A
4、l-tolerance of 100 inbred lines of waxy maize were evaluated by hydroponics. In 0.2 mmol/L Al3+ stress conditions, cultured for 12 days, eight indicators of waxy maize seedling physiological character was tested, including Hematoxylin dye, chlorophyll content, cauline leaf fresh weight, dry weight o
5、f cauline leaf, plant height, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight. Eight relatively strong Al stress tolerance waxy maize inbred lines were screened out by Al stress tolerance identification.Studies have shown that, there is a big difference of Al stress tolerance between different waxy
6、maize inbred lines. Correlation analysis for 8 physiological indexes of the seedlings of corn show that, under the stress of aluminium, all the physiological indicators of waxy maize are affected, especially the root length. The main root was significantly suppressed, the lateral root growth was sta
7、gnated, and chlorophyll content of seedling was dropped. Because chlorophyll content of seedling was dropped, the growth of plant was restricted, and finally the The whole biomass of seedling declined. Root fresh weight was 0.117 0.882g, the root dry weight was 0.0149 0.0989g, cauline leaf fresh wei
8、ght was 0.264-1.968g and cauline leaf dry weight was 0.0468-0.2114g. Ranges of different waxy maize inbred lines was quite different. The difference of aluminum stress tolerance between inbred line is obvious. The correlation of eight indicators is close and those indicators can be use to screen out
9、 the inbred lines. According to the seedlings eight physiological indicators,we select that the waxy maize inbred lines which have aluminium toxicity resistance are G10、G35、G48、G54、G83、G88、G99、G103、G159.Inbred line seedlings which have aluminium toxicity resistance have stronger performance of physi
10、ological activity of cauline leaf, higher photosynthetic efficiency and its root aluminum poisons is lesser as well as the hematoxylin staining level.Key Words: Waxy maize inbred lines Aluminum stress Physiological indicators Al-toleranceIII目 录1 前言 .11.1 世界糯玉米生产与育种概况 .21.2 我国糯玉米生产与育种概况 .21.3 糯玉米铝离子胁迫耐性研究进展 .21.4 糯玉米铝胁迫耐性鉴定方法 .31.5 本研究的目的意义 .42 材料与方法 .42.1 材料及处理 .42.1.1 糯玉米催芽 .42.1.2 营养液培养 .52.2 糯玉米自交系铝离子胁迫处理后生理指标测定 .52.2.1 苏木精着色测定根尖含铝量 .52.2.2 根鲜重、干重与主根长生理指标测定 .62.2.3 茎叶鲜重、干重与株高生理指标测定 .62.2.4 植株叶绿素相对含量测定 .63 结果与分析 .63.1 铝胁迫对糯玉米幼苗根系的影响 .63.1.1 铝胁迫下糯玉米
