《非谓语动词-不定式的用法》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《非谓语动词-不定式的用法（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、非非谓语动词谓语动词不定式的用法不定式的用法1.不定式做主语不定式具有名词的特征，可在句中充当主语。 a. 不定式短语在句首做主语：例如： To say is one thing, to do is another . b. 用 it 做形式主语：例如：It is difficult to get so much money in such a short time. 动名词 doing 也可以做主语，但和不定式做主语主要有如下两个方面的区别： 1动名词做主语泛指意义较强；而不定式结构做主语多指具体的一次性动作。例如：Reading novels is an enjoyment.To read
2、 this novel is an enjoyment. 2若叙述已经发生的事情多用动名词做主语；而叙述未发生的事情多用不定式做主语。例 如：Hosting the Olympics in 2000 has made Sydney better-known in the world.To host the Olympics in 2008 will make Beijing better-known in the world. 需要注意的是有些时候不强调上面的区别，而强调表达前后的一致性，这在做题时需要灵 活掌握和运用。 例如：眼见为实有两种表达方式，在含义上没有什么区别，只需注意前后的一致性
3、。Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.2.不定式做状语不定式做状语可以表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。 目的状语： “为了” Im saving up to buy a computer. To buy a computer, Im saving up. 另外，in order to 和 so as to 也可以表示目的状语。只是 so as to 不可以用于句首。 如果使用否定式，则 not 一律放在 to 的前面。 例如： I wrote down his phone number in order not to /so as not to f
4、orget it. 结果状语： He rushed to the airport only to find the plane had taken off. He opened his eyes only to find the world around him changed. We waited three hours only to be told to come again the next day. He lifted a stone only to have it dropped on his own feet. 以上四个例句都是 only to do 做结果状语，表示吃惊或失望。
5、 例如: so as to doHe got up so early as to catch the first bus.such as to do He was such a bright boy as to work out the problem. too to doHe was too tired to walk any farther.enough to doShe isnt old enough to walk to school by herself.3.不定式做宾语不定式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语，也可以充当 but 和 except 等介词的宾语以及形容 词的宾语。 做动词的
6、宾语： He likes to play basketball. I never thought to meet you here. I dont know what to do next. 做介词的宾语： We have no other choice but to wait. 本用法有见“do“省“to“之说。即：but 之前有实义动词 do 则省略 but 之后的不定式符号 to 例如： There is nothing to do but wait patiently. We did nothing but wait patiently. 做形容词的宾语： The water is n
7、ot fit to drink. The problem is easy to solve.4.不定式做宾语补足语下面这些例句都是动词不定式做宾语补足语的例子，大家其实都会用，只是在语法概念 上没对上号而已（例句中有动词不定式符号 to 省略的现象。 ） We considered him (to be) a good teacher. I would prefer you to go there by bus. I am waiting for Tom to arrive. We made him apologize to her. We often hear them sing in th
8、e next room.5.不定式做表语不定式做表语可以说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。His wish is to become an astronaut.What he hoped was to be admitted to Peking University.To live is to do something worthwhile.6.不定式做定语不定式做定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系等。主谓关系：He is always the first student to come to school.The next train to arrive was from New York.动宾关系：I am very busy because I have a lot of homework to do.I cant find anyone to talk with now.同位关系：We should have the courage to face the failure.I have no intention to argue with you.修饰关系：Now it is time to go to bed.I cant find the way to solve the problem.
