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1、1. 立场文件（取材 2009 年北大模联） Delegate: YangYI，Yuanmeng HUANG School:ShanghaiNo.3GirlsHighSchool Country:Tuvalu Committee:UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP) TopicA:ExploitationofNaturalResourcesinAntarctic With increasing discoveries made and technologies developed, the exploitation of Antarctica has be
2、come an international hot-spot. Our exporation of Antarctica has never ceased-we aresimply eager to step on to that mysterious, yet, sacred white land covered with snow all-year-long to do researches or to carry out further exploitation. Many countries have built up scientific stations on this conti
3、nent, and have gradually made their dreams come true. Thanks to the constant efforts of the international community, we have already made facts like “there are more than 220 sorts of mineral resources in Antarctic” and “the amount of reserved flammable ice beneath the ice sheet is the sum of all the
4、 fossil fuels all over theworld, which could replace coal and petroleum as a new environment- friendly energy resource” come true. So now, the importance and the necessity of peaceful and rational exploitation of these resources have gradually emerged. And Tuvalu firmly believes that should these re
5、sources be used properly, they would be evangel to all those suffering from the energy crisis.1 One important ally of Tuvalu, the UK, has claimed 100 Esq. Sea territories near the Antarctica, which incurred many disputes from the countries near the Antarctica. Not only UK though, many other countrie
6、s(such as Chile, Argentina, France, Norway) have claimed territories in Antarctica as well. Russian Federation even dispatched, 153 times, scientific groups to Antarctica to do research, discover and built basements! However, the territorial conflicts in Antarctic is not simply about territory itsel
7、f; it is also about showing off certain countries power. Now, there are many treaties and protocols dealing with this issue, but few of them are effective. And the poor Antarctic Treaty, can only be regarded as a byproduct of the cold war, which froze many droids in Antarctic, and forbid the exploit
8、ation in Antarctica and the territory claims. Yet, it is very clear that not all of these items are rational. Tuvalu supports the exploitation of Antarctic resources, and we believe that Antarctica belongs to the entire human race, which, of course, includes us Tuvalu.2 Tuvalu is we hope to particip
9、ate the inner conferences of the related countries to get more benefits for our citizens. Therefore, Tuvalu suggests that the international community hold discussions based on the Svalbard Treaty, 1925 to exploit Antarctic resources, protect its environment, and, as well, to pay less attention to mi
10、litary and economic concerns. Also as one of the least developed countries in the world, we have extremely limited capability for thorough exploitation: We will simply use the resources of Antarctica to meet domestic needs. The exploitation of the Antarctic is a mainstream trend of our time. So, Tuv
11、alu suggests all countries be united, to together figure out a rational, environment-friendly and sustainable way to exploit Antarctic and to protect it. Tuvalu is willing to cooperate with other developed alliance such as Australia, Japan and UK during this UNEP conference to sign related joint com
12、muniqu to help 1 http:/www.fduimun.org/bbs/dispbbs.asp?boardid=12 firstly, through increased mortality to target and non-target species, particularly at juvenile life-history stages, and secondly, through alteration of food webs by supplying increased levels of food to scavenging organisms on the se
13、a floor, and to sea birds. So, in addition to efforts to reduce the amount of bycatch caught in nets, we also appeal to implement programs to effectively utilize bycatch species, rather than throwing the fish back into the ocean. One such use of bycatch is the formulation of fish hydrolysate that ca
14、n be used as a soil amendment in organic agriculture. W orking P aper Sample (2) Committee: International Fishery Committee Topic : some solutions summary Sponsors: Uruguay ,Guatemala ,Ecuador, Panama, Nicaragua, Brazil, Costa Rica The following is summary of the common views of Latin American count
15、ries above Overfishing Solutions Summary A.Raise awareness using following ways 1. Build morality education by public propagandas 2. Build professional education to fishermen by science knowledge popularization Enhance poor management3. reduce fishing capacity by restricting large-amount fishing to
16、levels that marine system can sustain. 4. Prohibit catching little fishes to allow over-exploited fish populations to recover. 5. Raise artificial baby fishes 6. Prohibit catching endangered and valuable fishes, by demarcating no-fishing areas, to ensure the biodiversity. 7. set restrictions on commercial fishing 8. establish specific legislation to restrict overfishing; establish heavy legislation to ensure the conduction of management 9. improve supervision system 10.urges the loca
